GLOSSARY OF BOTANICAL TERMS. 



407 



Carpogonium. — The name applied to the 

 female reproductive organs in some Thal- 

 lophytes. Its peculiarity consists in the 

 great change it undergoes after fertiliza- 

 tion, resulting in the development of a 

 sporocarp. 



Carpophore. — The stalk or support of fruits, 

 corresponding to the receptacle in the 

 flower. Also an organ, in some Thallo- 

 phytes, which bears spores. 



Carpospore. — A spore developed within a 

 fertilized carpogonium or sporocarp. 



Caruncle.— Applied to the keel-like ap- 

 pendage which occurs on some seeds. 



Caryophyllaceous. — Applied to flowers 

 like the Pink, having five long-clawed 

 petals and a tubular calyx. 



Caryopsis. — An indehiscent dry fruit, like 

 that of the wheat, in which the single 

 seed is enveloped in the closely-adhering 

 pericarp. 



Catkin. — An indeterminate flower-cluster, 

 in which the flowers are sessile on a 

 lengthened axis, and borne in the axils of 

 scales. 



Caudate. — Possessing a tail-like append- 

 age. 



Caudex. — Applied to a scaly unbranching 

 tree-trunk, like those of palms and tree 

 ferns. 



Caulescent. — Having a more or less con- 

 spicuous stem. 



Caulicle. — The stemlet of the embryo 

 plant. 



Caulinb. — Pertaining to the stem. Cau- 

 line leaves are those which spring from 

 that portion of the stem which is above 

 the ground. 



Caulis.— The stem, or ascending axis of the 

 plant. 



Caui.ome. — A general term which includes 

 all forms of stems. 



Cellulose. — Primary cell-wall substance. 



Centric. — A term applied to the internal 

 structure of such leaves as show no dis- 

 tinctly developed pallisade tissue, and no 

 considerable structural differences be- 

 tween the upper and under surfaces. 



Centrifugal. — Flying away from the cen- 

 tre. Applied to cymose inflorescence; 

 the same as determinate. 



Centripetal. — Seeking the centre. Ap- 

 plied to indeterminate inflorescence. 



Cereal. — A term applied to wheat and simi- 

 lar grains. 



Chaff. — A term applied to the peculiar 



flattened hairs often found on the stipes of 

 Ferns. See Palea. 



Chalaza. — The area at the base of the 

 ovule where the coats are united to each 

 other and to the nucellus. 



Chartaceous. — Paper-like in texture. 



Chlorophyll. — The leaf-green of plants. 

 The substance by whose agency carbo- 

 hydrate is formed in green plants. 



Chlorophylless. — Destituteofchlorophyll. 



Chlorophyll-Bodies. — Proteid bodies in 

 the cells of plants, which contain the chlo- 

 rophyll. 



Chlorosis. — Changing to green. Applied to 

 abnormal flowers, the parts of which have 

 changed back to green leaves. Also used 

 to indicate a diseased condition in which 

 plant has become blanched and lost its 

 normal green color. 



Chloroplastid. — The same as chlorophyll- 

 body. 



Choripetalous. — Applied to a corolla 

 whose petals are distinct. 



Chorisepalous. — Applied to a calyx 

 whose sepals are distinct. 



Chorisis. — The development of two or more 

 members where but one is expected; a 

 doubling. 



Cicatrix. — A scar, as that left by the fall 

 of a leaf. 



Cilia. — Hair-like, vibratile protoplasmic 

 processes attached to certain spores and 

 other cells by means of which they move. 



Circumnutation. — A bowing successively 

 toward all points of the compass. Ap- 

 plied to the movements of young and grow- 

 ing organs. 



CircumcissilB. — Applied to that form of de- 

 hiscence in which the capsule opens trans- 

 versely, as by a lid. 



Circinatk. — Rolled like a crozier. Applied 

 to the form of vernation in which the leaf 

 is rolled inward from the apex toward the 

 base, as in most Ferns. 



Cirrhose. — Provided with tendrils. 



Cirrhosely-pinnate. — Pinnate with the 

 upper leaflets replaced by tendrils, as in 

 the Pea. 



Cladophyll. — A branch which in form 

 mimics a leaf. 



Clavatk. — Club-shaped. Applied to a 

 stigma or other organ that is thick toward 

 the apex and gradually narrowed toward 

 the base. 



Claw. — The stalk, or contracted base of a 

 petal. 



