420 



GLOSSARY OF BOTANICAL TERMS. 



Pendulous. — Hanging obliquely down- 

 ward. Applied to an ovule or seed that 

 hangs obliquely downward. 



Penicillate. — Shaped like a pencil of hairs. 



Pentacarpellary. — Composed of five car- 

 pels. 



Pentadelphous. — A term descriptive of 

 stamens which are united by their fila- 

 ments into five sets. 



Pentamerous. — Applied to a flower that is 

 constructed on the numerical plan of five. 



Pentapetalous. — Having five petals. 



Pentaphyllous. — Having five leaves. 



Pentasepalous. — Having five sepals. 



Pentarch. — A term descriptive of radial 

 fibro-vascular bundles having five rays. 



Pentastichous. — Arranged in five vertical 

 rows. 



Pepo. — The name applied to fruits like the 

 Gourd, Pumpkin and Watermelon. 



Perfoliate. — Applied to a leaf when the 

 stem appears to pass through its base. 



Perianth. — A term applied to the floral 

 envelopes taken as a whole. 



Periblem. — A zone of meristem lying be- 

 tween the plerome and the dermatogen at 

 the growing end of an axial organ. 



Pericambium. — A layer of formative tissue 

 within the endodermis that surrounds cer- 

 tain fibro-vascular bundles. 



Pericarp. — The walls of the ripened ovary; 

 the part of the fruit that encloses the 

 seeds. 



PericHvETIUM. — The leafy envelope sur- 

 rounding the archegonia or both anthe- 

 ridia and archegonia in Mosses. 



Periderm. — The name applied to the con- 

 tinuous layers of cork that cover the stems 

 of many plants after they have acquired a 

 certain age. 



Peridium. — The outer covering of the fruc- 

 tification in the angiocarpous fungi. 



Perigonium. — Sometimes used in the same 

 sense as perianth. In Mosses, the leafy 

 envelope surrounding the antheridia. 



Perigynium. — A term applied to the scale- 

 like or bristle-like bodies surrounding the 

 pistils in sedges. Also, the envelope 

 which in Liverworts invests the arche- 

 gonia. 



Perigynous. — Applied to stamens and 

 petals when they are adnate to the throat 

 of the calyx, and therefore borne around 

 the pistil instead of at its base. 



Perisperm. — A food store found in some 

 seeds, which consists of nutrient matter 



deposited in the nucellus outside the 

 embryo-sac. 



Peristome. — A fringe of hair-like or fenes- 

 trated bodies surrounding the orifice of a 

 Moss capsule. 



Perithecium. — A cup or flask-shaped organ 

 producing ascospores on its interior. 



Persistent. — Applied to leaves that remain 

 on the tree over winter, and to a calyx that 

 persists unyl the fruit ripens. 



Personate. — Applied to a bi-labiate flower 

 that has the throat closed by a prominence 

 called the "palate." 



Pervious. — Possessing an opening or pas- 

 sage way. 



Petal. — One of the leaves of the corolla. 



Petaloid, — Colored like a petal. 



Petiolar. — Belonging to a petiole or 

 attached to one. 



Petiole. — The stem or stalk of a leaf. 



Petiolate. — Possessing a petiole. 



Petiolule. — The stalk of a leaflet. 



Phelloderm. — Green cells beneath the 

 cork, formed from the inner layers of the 

 phellogen. 



Phellogen. — Cork-meristem, or the tissue 

 which by cell division gives rise to cork. 



Phloem. — That portion of the fibro-vascu- 

 lar bundle which contains sieve tissue. 



Phlceum. — Bark. 



Phloroglucin. — An aromatic substance 

 having the formula C 6 H 6 3 found in the 

 bark of Cherry and other plants. Used 

 as a test for lignin. 



Phycocyanin. — A bluish coloring-matter 

 which occurs in the Cyanophyceas. 



Phycoerythrin.— A reddish coloring-mat- 

 ter occurring in some Alga;. 



Phyllocyanin. — A blue coloring matter 

 extracted from chlorophyll. 



Phyllome. — A general term that includes 

 the leaf in all of its modifications. 



Phylloxanthin. — A yellow coloring-matter 

 extracted from chlorophyll. 



Phycoph^in. — A brownish coloring-matter 

 occurring in some plants, particularly in 

 some of the marine Algae. 



Phycology. — That department of botany 

 which treats of Algae. 



Phycoxanthin. — A yellowish-brown color- 

 ing-matter found in some Algae. 



Phylloclade, or Phyllocladium. — A 

 branch which, in form and function, mim- 

 ics a leaf. 



Phyi.lotaxis, or Phyllotaxy. — The ar- 

 rangement of leaves on the stem. 



