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GLOSSARY OF BOTANICAL TERMS. 



PreflOration. — The arrangement of the 

 floral organs in the bud. The same as 

 aestivation. 



Prefoliation. — The arrangement of the 

 leaves in the bud. The same as verna- 

 tion. 



Premorse. — Applied to roots or other or- 

 gans that end abruptly, as if bitten off. 



Prickles. — Hardened and rigid hairs, ap- 

 pendages to the outer bark of plants. 



Primary Cortex. — That portion of the 

 growing apex of an axial organ which lies 

 between the plerome and dermatogen ; 

 the pleriblem. 



Primine. — The outer of the two coats of the 

 ovule. 



Primordial Cell. — A term applied to a 

 cell of the simplest character, one which 

 does not possess a cell wall. 



Primordial Utricle. — A term applied to 

 the outer layer of the protoplasm, which 

 is somewhat denser than the rest, and is 

 immediately applied to the cell wall. 



Procumbent. — Prostrate. Applied to a 

 stem that lies flat on the ground. 



Proembryo. — An organ which, in some of 

 the higher cryptogams, is developed from 

 the oospore, and from which the mature 

 form of the plant is afterwards developed. 

 The suspenser or chain of cells which in 

 flowering plants precedes the develop- 

 ment of the embryo is also properly called 

 a proembryo. 



Proliferous. — Bearing offshoots. 



Prosenchyma. — A term used to designate 

 the elongated, taper-pointed cells and 

 vessels of plants. 



Prosenchymatous. — Belonging to prosen- 

 chyma. 



Protandry or Proterandry. — The matu- 

 ration of the stamens before the stigmas 

 in hermaphrodite flowers. 



Proteids. — A class of nitrogenous organic 

 compounds, including gluten, legumin, 

 vegetable fibrin, etc. 



Protein. — A nitrogenous organic compound 

 forming the basis of the proteids. 



Proterandrousor Protandrous.— Terms 

 descriptive of hermaphrodite flowers that 

 mature their stamens before the stigmas 

 are ready to receive the pollen. 



Proterogvnous or Protogynous. — Terms 



descriptive of hermaphrodite flowers that 



mature their stigmas before they do their 



stamens. 



Prothallium — The name applied to the 



thalloid structure produced by the germi- 

 nation of the spore in Pteridophyta, and 

 which bears the antheridia and arche- 

 gonia. 



Protomeristem or Primary Meristem. — 

 The young and imperfectly developed 

 cells which form the beginning of an or- 

 gan or tissue. 



Protophloem. — The first formed elements 

 of the phloem of a bundle. 



Protophyta. — A term sometimes applied 

 to those lowest forms of plant life that do 

 not reproduce sexually. 



Protoplasm.— The living matter of the 

 cell. 



Protoxylem. — The first formed elements 

 of the xylem of a bundle. 



Pruinose, or Pruinous. — Applied to 

 leaves or other organs that appear as if 

 covered with hoar-frost. 



Pseudo-bulb. — The fleshy bulb-like inter- 

 nodes of epiphytal Orchids are called 

 pseudo-bulbs. 



Pterocarpous. — Wing-fruited. 



Pteridium, or Pterodium — The same as 

 samara ; a winged achenium. 



Pteridographia. — The botany of Ferns. 



Puberulent. — Covered with a fine, soft, 

 almost imperceptible down. 



Pubescent. — Downy; covered with soft 

 hairs. 



Pugioniform. — Shaped like a dagger. 



Pullulation. — That form of cell multipli- 

 cation in which the mother-cell forms a 

 minute protuberance on one side which 

 afterwards increases to the size of the 

 parent cell. It is also called budding. 

 This is the ordinary form of cell multipli- 

 cation in the Yeast plant and its allies. 



Pulverulent. — Covered with powdery or 

 granular matter. 



Pulvinate. — Possessing a cushion-like en- 

 largement or pulvinus. 



Pulvinus. — An enlargement at the base of 

 some leaves or of the leaflets of some com- 

 pound leaves. 



Punctum Vegetationis. — The vegetating 

 point. Applied to the growing-point of an 

 organ, as of a stem or root. 



Pustular. — A term descriptive of a surface 

 which has blister-like elevations. 



Putamen. — The endocarp of a drupe or 

 stone-fruit; the pit or stone of such a fruit 

 as a Peach or Cherry. 



Pyramidal. — Shaped like a pyramid. 



Pyriform. — Pear-shaped. 



