3 6 4 



COLLEGE ZOOLOGY 



Suborder 8. Rhynchophora. (Snout-beetles, Fig. 304.) 

 — The Rhynchophora are the curculios, weevils, bill-bugs, and 

 snout- beetles. The front of the head is prolonged into a beak 

 or snout, with the mouth -parts at the end. Weevils (Fig. 304, A) 



attack many varieties of 

 fruits, nuts, and grain. 

 The bark-beetles (Scoly- 

 tid^e) are the most de- 

 structive of all insects 

 to forest trees, their 

 depredations reaching 

 a total of probably 

 $100,000,000 annually. 

 The genera Dendroc- 

 tonus (Fig. 304, B) and 

 Tomicus are the most 

 notorious. 



Order 19. Hymenop- 

 tera. — Saw-flies, 

 Gall-flies, Ichneu- 

 mon-flies, Ants, Bees, Wasps (Figs. 305-312). — Insects 

 possessing four membranous wings w T ith few veins; first ab- 

 dominal segment fused or partly fused with thorax ; mouth-parts 

 both mandibulate and suctorial; female with an ovipositor; 

 metamorphosis complete. 



There are about seventy-five hundred species of Hymenop- 

 tera inhabiting North America. They may be grouped into 

 suborders, superfamilies, families, subfamilies, etc., but because 

 of the limited space that can be devoted to them in this book, 

 only a few of the most important families will be considered; 

 these are the saw-flies (Tenthredinid^e) , the chalcid- flies 

 (Chalcidhle), the gall-flies (Cynipid^e), the ichneumon- flies 

 (Ichneumonid^e), the bees (Apid^e), the solitary wasps (Eu- 

 menid^e), the social wasps (Vespitxe), the digger-wasps 

 (Spheglixe), and the ants (Formicid^). 



Fig. 304. — Order Coleoptera. A, cotton 

 boll weevil. B, southern pine beetle, Dendroc- 

 tonus frontalis. (A, from Farmer's Bui. 189 

 B, from Hopkins, Bui. 83, Bur. Ent., U. S 

 Dep't Agric.) 



