CLASS MAMMALIA 



665 



Fig. 531. — The dun-colored gib- 

 bon, Hylobates entclloides. (From 

 Flower and Lydekker.) 



feet tend to turn in, and the 

 knuckles help preserve equi- 

 librium. There are four genera 

 in the family: (1) Hylobates, or 

 gibbons, (2) Pongo (Simla), or 

 orang-utans, (3) Gorilla, or 

 gorillas, and (4) Pan (Anthro- 

 popithecus), or chimpanzees. 



The gibbons (Fig. 531) are ar- 

 boreal ; they have a slender body 

 and limbs ; are omnivorous ; 

 reach a height of not over three 

 feet; and when walking are not 

 assisted by the hands. There are 

 several species inhabiting south 

 eastern Asia, and the East Indies. 



There are one or probably two or more species of orang-utans 

 (Fig. 532), confined to Borneo and Sumatra. They live prin- 

 cipally in the tree-tops, where they construct a sort of nest for 

 themselves. Orang-utans are herbivorous, about four and a half 



feet in height, and when 

 walking use their knuckles 

 as well as their feet. The 

 brain of this species is more 

 nearly like that of man than 

 the brain cf any other 

 animal. 



The gorilla, Gorilla gorilla 

 (Fig- 533), inhabits the 

 forests of western Africa. 

 It is arboreal ; feeds mainly 

 on vegetation; has large 

 canine teeth ; reaches a 



,/ IG \ S3 , 2 --T? f e orang-utan, Pongo he j ht of fiye and a haJf 



(Simia) satyrus, sitting in its nest, (irom ° 



Shipley and MacBride.) feet and a weight of about 



