74 AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY 



78. Naming of Acids. Acids are named according to 

 the characteristic acid element or radical present, as sul- 

 furic acid, H 2 SO 4 , in which S is the characteristic acid 

 element. The most common acids have the ending ic. 

 Some acids have an ous ending, as H 2 SO 3 , sulfurous 

 acid. The acid which has the smaller amount of oxygen 

 has the ending ous, while the acid which has the larger 

 amount of oxygen has the ending ic. 



Name the following acids : HNO 3 , HNO 2 , H 2 SO 4 , 

 H 2 SO 3 , H 3 PO 4 , H 3 PO 3 , H 3 AsO 4 , H 3 AsO 3 . 



79. Naming of Bases. Bases are named according to 

 the characteristic base element which they contain. All 

 bases are called hydroxids, as calcium hydroxid, Ca(OH) 2 , 

 and potassium hydroxid, KOH. 



The rule in regard to the endings ic and ous applies in 

 the case of bases as well as in that of acids; that is, when 

 an element forms two hydroxids, the ending ic is applied 



