ACIDS, BASES, SALTS, AND NEUTRALIZATION 75 



to the one with the larger amount of hydroxyl, and the 

 ending ous to the one with the smaller amount. 



Name the following bases: Mg(OH) 2 , NH.OH, NaOH, 

 Fe(OH) 2 , Fe(OH) 3 , A1(OH) 3 , CuOH, Cu(OH) 2 . 



80. Naming of Salts. Salts are named according to 

 the acid and base elements which they contain, as K 2 SO 4 , 

 potassium sulfate, composed of potassium, K, and the 

 sulfate radical, SO 4 . Most salts have an ending ate. 

 A few have an ending ite. The salts derived from the 

 acids with the ic ending always have the ate ending, as 

 sulfuric acid, which always produces sulfates, phos- 

 phoric acid, phosphates, and nitric acid, nitrates. The 

 acids ending with ous produce salts which end in 

 ite, as nitrous acid always produces nitrites, and sul- 

 furous acid, sulfites. Salts that are composed of only 

 two elements always have an ending of id, as sodium 

 chlorid, NaCl, and sodium sulfid, Na 2 S. 



81. Double Salts. A double salt is one that is com- 

 posed of two base elements in combination^ with one acid 

 radical, as NaKSO 4 , sodium potassium sulfate. Double 

 salts are formed from acids which contain two replaceable 

 hydrogen atoms, as H 2 SO 4 , by replacing one of the H 

 atoms with one base element and the remaining H atom 

 with another base element. This is represented graphi- 

 cally as follows : 



H/ K 



82. Acid Salts. An acid salt is one in which only a 

 part of the H of the acid has been replaced. An acid 



