OATS, BARLEY, RYE, ETC. 299 



large amount of nutrients in the form of fat. Average 

 flax contains about 38 per cent, of fat which is largely 

 removed in the manufacture of linseed oil. A bushel of 

 flax will yield about 19 pounds of oil and 40 pounds of 

 oil cake. Flax is too concentrated and usually too valu- 

 able a market crop to be used for animal-feeding pur- 

 poses. Should the price warrant, it can be used, but it 

 should be combined with other grains, although 8 pounds 

 a day have been fed in a dairy ration without apparent ill 

 results. Unripe and immature flaxseed are often used for 

 feeding purposes. Other oil seeds, as cotton seed and 

 rape, are valuable for the oil which they contain, and the 

 oil cake which is used for feeding purposes. 



407. flillet Seed has somewhat the same general com- 

 position as oats. When fed, however, it should be ground 

 and combined with other grains. 



408. Peas and Beans. Peas and beans, as well as other 

 leguminous seeds, are characterized by containing large 

 amounts of protein and variable amounts of fat. Peas 

 and beans are alike valuable as human and animal food. 

 When used as animal food, they should form a part 

 of a grain ration. They are particularly valuable for 

 pork production as well as for meat and milk, but their 

 high price usually prevents their extensive use in ani- 

 mal-feeding. When they can be produced cheaply and 

 abundantly, they are among the most valuable foods that 

 can be used. The proteid of leguminous seeds is largely 

 in the form of legumin, a casein-like body. 



409. Grading of Grains Oats, barley, rye and flax 



