arq excessive ojr the ground is not firm, place foundation 

 "blocks or underpinning on four foot center, under ell 

 outside sills; on six foot centers under all exterior 

 sills and girts. Where underpinning on short centers 

 are necessary, add sufficient material to the lumber 

 order list to provide for them. 



Foundations should be either of - 



(a). 6" x 6" heart cedar, redv/ood or Douglas fir 

 underpinning, set upon substantial flat stones of 

 sufficient thickness to project at least 4" above the 

 ground . Wood blocks should never be used for footings 

 under foundation posts. 



(b). If substantial stones are not available, a 

 masonry footing should be provided. For masonry use 

 only hard stones, preferably flat ones. All should be 

 carefully imbedded on their broadest faces in mortar of 

 1 part cement and 2 patrte coarse, clean, sharp sand. 

 Each layer shoixld be vjell filled and flushed up on both 

 sides and firmly bonded together. The tops should be 

 made level to receive the underpinning. See Table 

 No. C-4. 



(c). Large stones of sufficient thickness to 

 raise the sill to a height of at least IB inches above 

 the ground. 



(d) . Blocks of masonry or concrete at least 12" 

 high, 10" vide on top and 16" square at the bottom. 

 The top of concrete and masonry blocks should be made 

 level to receive the sills. See Concrete Section 

 and Table Ho. C-4. 



MATERIALS . 



All structural materials should conform as 

 closely as possible to the specifications given in 

 the builder's list and lumber order list. That 

 minor deviations must sometimes be made is recognized 

 as unavoidable . 



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