684 Bacillus Murium 



there are, in addition, nephritis, enteritis, albuminuria, 

 hemoglobinuria, and hemorrhages into the body cavities. 



Sanarelli states that the dog is the most susceptible animal. 

 When this animal is injected intravenously, symptoms ap- 

 pear almost immediately and recall the clinical and anatomic 

 features of yellow fever in man. The most prominent symp- 

 tom in the dog is vomiting, which begins directly after the 

 penetration of the virus into the blood, and continues for a 

 long time. Hemorrhages appear after the vomiting, the 

 urine is scanty and albuminous, or is suppressed shortly 

 before death. Grave jaundice was once observed. 



BACILLUS TYPHI MURIUM (Z,OFF%ER). 



General Characteristics. A motile, flagellated, non-sporogenous, 

 non-liquefying, non-chromogenic, non-aerogenic, aerobic and optionally 

 anaerobic bacillus, pathogenic for mice and other small animals, stain- 

 ing by the ordinary methods, but not by Gram's method. It acidulates 

 but does not coagulate milk. 



Bacillus typhi murium was discovered by Loffler* in 

 1889, when it created havoc among the mice in his labora- 

 tory at Greifswald. 



Morphology. The organism bears a close resemblance 

 to that of typhoid fever, sometimes appearing short, some- 

 times long and flexible. There are many long and curly 

 flagella with peritrichial arrangement, and the organism is 

 actively motile. It does not produce spores. 



Staining. It stains with the ordinary dyes, but rather 

 better with Loffler's alkaline methylene-blue, not by Gram's 

 method. 



Isolation. The bacilli were first isolated from the blood 

 of dead mice. 



Cultivation. Their cultivation presents no difficulties. 



Colonies. Upon gelatin plates the deep colonies are at 

 first round, slightly granular, transparent, and grayish. 

 Later they become yellowish brown and granular. Super- 

 ficial colonies are similar to those of the typhoid bacillus. 



Gelatin. In gelatin punctures there is no liquefaction. 

 The growth takes place principally upon the surface, where 

 a grayish-white mass slowly forms, and together with the 

 growth in the puncture suggests a large flat-headed nail. 



Agar-agar. Upon agar-agar a grayish-white growth de- 

 void of peculiarities occurs. 



* "Centralbl. f. Bakt. u. Parasitenk.," xi, p. 129. 



