756 Tuberculosis 



more susceptible than the adults. Artificial inoculation 

 can be made in the subcutaneous tissue, in the trachea, and 

 in the veins; never through the intestine. After inoculation 

 the birds die in from one to seven months. The chief seat 

 of the disease is the liver, where cellular (lymphocytic) nodes, 

 lacking the central coagulation and the giant-cell formation 

 of mammalian tuberculosis, and enormously rich in bacilli, 

 are found. The disease never begins in the lungs, and the 

 fowls that are diseased never show bacilli in the sputum or 

 in the dung. 



Guinea-pigs are quite immune, or after inoculation develop 

 cheesy nodes, but do not die. 



Rabbits are easily infected, an abscess forming at the 

 seat of inoculation, nodules forming later in the lungs, so 

 that the distribution is quite different from that seen in 

 birds. It is possible that the avian bacillus occasionally 

 infects man. 



The possibility that this bacillus is derived from the same 

 stock as the tubercle bacillus is strengthened by the experi- 

 ments of Fermi and Salsano,* who succeeded in increasing 

 its virulence until it became fatal to guinea-pigs by adding 

 glucose and lactic acid to the cultures inoculated. 



FISH TUBERCULOSIS. 



Dubarre and Terref isolated a bacillus having the tinctorial 

 and morphologic characteristics of the tubercle bacillus 

 from carp suffering from a tubercle-like affection. In respect 

 to cultivation, however, it was unlike tubercle bacilli, growing 

 readily upon simple culture-media at 15 to 30 C., and not 

 at 37 C. 



Weber and TaubeJ found the same organism, or what 

 seemed to be the same organism, in mud and in a healthy frog. 



BACILLI RESEMBLING THE TUBERCLE BACILLUS. 



It is not improbable that the bacilli of human, bovine, 

 and avian tuberculosis are closely related to one another, and, 

 together with a few other micro-organisms of similar mor- 

 phology and staining peculiarities, have a common ancestry 



""Centralbl. f. Bakt.," etc., xn, 750. 

 t "Compt. rendu de la Soc. de Biol. de Pari," 1897, 446. 

 I "Tuberkulose Arbeiten aus dem Kaiserlichen Gesundheitsamte," 

 1905. 



