viii CONTENTS 



CHAPTER XII 



Central Nervous System 195 



Anatomical Divisions, 195. Neurons, 195. Reflexes, 196. Inhibition, 

 198. Spread of Impulses in Spinal Cord, 198. Afferent Paths to 

 Brain, 199. Efferent Paths from Brain, 200. Paths of Motor and 

 Cutaneous Impulses, 200. Effects of Removal of the Spinal Cord, 

 201. Tonic Activity of the Cord, 201. Knee-jerk, 202. Time 

 Involved in Nervous Processes, 204. Medical Significance of 

 Reflexes, 205. Cranial Nerves, 205. Medulla Oblongata, 208. 

 Cerebellum, 208. Cerebrum, 209. The Motor Area, 212. 

 The Body-sense Area, 215. The Visual Area, 21G. The Auditory 

 Area, 217. Smell and Taste Areas, 218. The Association Areas, 

 218. Aphasia, 219. Weight of Brain, 220. Growth of Brain, 

 222. Fatigue, 223. Blood Supply to Brain, 223. Sleep, 224. 

 Hibernation, 225. Hypnotism, 226. 



CHAPTER XIII 



The Special Senses 228 



Sight, 228. Muscles of the Eye, 228. Accommodation, 229. Em- 

 metropia, 230. Myopia, 230. Hypermetropia, 230. Presbyopia, 

 231. Astigmatism, 231. Diplopia, 231. Pupil, 232. Retina, 

 233. Optic Paths, 234. After-images, 235. Color Theories, 236. 

 Binocular Vision, 237. Hearing, 238. Sense of Equilibrium, 239. 

 Smell, 240. Taste, 241. Cutaneous Sensations, 242. Common 

 Sensation, 244. Hunger and Thirst, 245. 



CHAPTER XIV 



Reproduction 248 



Sexual Characters, 248. Sexual Cells, 249. Impregnation, 250. 

 Menopause, 251. Fetal Circulation, 252. Fetal Respiratory 

 Centre, 254. Period of Gestation, 255. Determination of Sex, 255. 



