6 ANIMAL JUICES. 



82 - 586 grammes of albumeu with extractive matters (the condensation 



dependent on solution being allowed for) fill the space of 61*471 of water 

 2-836 of the 10 solution of sulphate of potash 2*618 



3-616 chloride of potassium 3'395 



55-914 chloride of sodium 52-129 



2-726 phosphate of soda 2'480 



15-454 soda 13^457 



2-997 phosphate of lime 2'773 



2-197 phosphate of magnesia 2*013 



168-326 grammes of the collective solution 140-336 of water. 



Hence we calculate the density of serum, having this com- 

 position, to be 1-0288 ; for 140'336 : 168-326 :: 1 : x (= 1-0288). 



After having acquainted ourselves with the chemical constitu- 

 tion of the animal juices in their normal state, we have next to 

 consider the modifications experienced by the fluids in question 

 under different physiological and pathological relations, considering 

 at the same time the composition of the corresponding juices in 

 different classes of animals. The latter indeed constitutes the 

 most common subject of our physiologico-chemical inquiries, and 

 the main basis of our investigations. 



Before we consider the pathological relations, it will be neces- 

 sary to make a few preliminary remarks. What we have already 

 said in the first volume in reference to the mode of treating of 

 pathological chemistry, sufficiently demonstrates how visionary are 

 all anticipations of the formation of a perfect humoral pathology, 

 which indeed is a science that has no existence except in the dreams 

 of mere enthusiasts. According to the principles on which we 

 would base our consideration of pathological processes, we cannot 

 group the physical and chemical alterations observed in animal 

 juices within the generally recognised classes of disease, but must 

 arrange them in harmony with the internal, that is to say, the 

 chemical constitution of the pathological objects. It seems to us, 

 that we should be assuming an entirely false point of view, were 

 we to start from conventionally named diseases, as tuberculosis, 

 carcinoma, &c. Notwithstanding the frequent objections advanced 

 against the ontological modes of definition in use for diseases, an 

 entirely specific character has nevertheless been ascribed to these 

 hackneyed designations of certain forms of disease, since otherwise 

 the idea that tubercles are mere depositions of exudation, and 

 similarly erroneous notions, could never have become current. 

 That we may avoid such a fictitious species of physiology, we shall 

 adhere as strictly as possible to the object itself, merely reverting, 

 where it is absolutely necessary, to its conventional predicate. 



Although we may describe the bile in the dead body as poor in 



