12 TABLE OP CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER XXXII. THE VASOMOTOR NERVES AND THEIR PHYSIOLOGICAL 



ACTIVITY 551 



Historical, 551. Methods Used to Determine Vasomotor Action, 552. The 

 Plethysmograph, 553. General Distribution and Course of the Vasoconstrictor 

 Nerve Fibers, 555. Tonic Activity of the Vasoconstrictors, 558. The Vaso- 

 constrictor Center, 558. Vasoconstrictor Reflexes, Pressor and Depressor 

 Fibers, 560. Depressor Nerve of the Heart, 583. Vasoconstrictor Centers in 

 the Spinal Cord. 564. Rhythmical Activity of the Vasoconstrictor Center, 

 564. Course and Distribution of the Dilator Fibers, 565. General Properties 

 of Vasodilator Fibers, 565. Vasodilator Center and Reflexes, 566. Vasodila- 

 tation Due to Antidromic Impulses, 568. Regulation of the Blood-supply 

 by Chemical and Mechanical Stimuli, 569. 



CHAPTER XXXIII. THE VASOMOTOR SUPPLY OF THE DIFFERENT 



ORGANS 570 



Vasomotors of the Heart, 570. Vasomotors of the Pulmonary Arteries, 571. 

 Circulation in the Brain and Its Regulation, 572. Arterial Supply, 572. 

 Venous Supply, 573. The Meningeal Spaces, 574. Intracranial Pressure, 

 576. Effect of Changes in Arterial Pressure upon the Blood-flow through 

 the Brain, 577. The Regulation of the Brain Circulation, 579. Vasomotor 

 Nerves of the Head Region, 581. Of the Trunk and the Limbs, 582. Of the 

 Abdominal Organs, 582. Of the Genital Organs, 583. Of the Skeletal Muscles, 

 583. The Vasomotor Nerves to the Veins, 584. The Circulation of the 

 Lymph, 585. 



SECTION VI. 



PHYSIOLOGY OF RESPIRATION. 



CHAPTER XXXIV. HISTORICAL STATEMENT. THE ORGANS OF EXTER- 

 NAL RESPIRATION AND THE RESPIRATORY MOVEMENTS 587 



Historical, 587. Anatomy of Organs of Respiration, 591. Thorax as a Closed 

 Cavity, 592. Normal Position of the Thorax, 592. Inspiration by Contraction 

 of the Diaphragm, 593. Inspiration by Elevation of the Ribs, 594. The 

 Muscles of Inspiration, 595. Muscles of Expiration, 595. Quiet and Forced 

 Respiratory Movements, Eupnea and Dyspnea, 596. Costal and Abdominal 

 Types of Respiration, 597. Accessory Respiratory Movements, 598. Registra- 

 tion of the Respiratory Movements, 598. Volumes of Air Respired, Vital 

 Capacity, Tidal Air, Complemental Air, Supplemental Air, Residual Air, 

 Minimal Air, 600. Size of the Bronchial Tree, 602. Artificial Respiration, 602. 



CHAPTER XXXV. THE PRESSURE CONDITIONS IN THE LUNGS AND 



THORAX AND THEIR INFLUENCE UPON THE CIRCULATION 604 



The Intrapulmonic Pressure and Its Variations, 604. Intrathoracic Pressure, 

 605. Variations of, with Forced and Unusual Respirations, 606. Origin of 

 the Negative Pressure in the Thorax, 607. Pneumothorax, 608. Aspiratory 

 Action of the Thorax, 608. Respiratory Waves of Blood-pressure, 609. 



CHAPTER XXXVI. THE CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL CHANGES IN THE AIR 



AND THE BLOOD CAUSED BY RESPIRATION 613 



The Inspired and Expired Air, 613. Physical Changes in the Expired Air, 

 613. Injurious Action of Expired Air, 614. Ventilation, 616. The Gases 

 of the Blood, 617. The Pressure of Gases, 620. Absorption of Gases in 

 Liquids, 620. The Tension of Gases in Solution, 622. The Condition of 

 Nitrogen in the Blood, 623. Condition of Oxygen in the Blood, 624. Con- 

 dition of Carbon Dioxid in the Blood, 625. The Physical Theory of Respira- 

 tion, 627. Gaseous Exchanges in the Lungs, 627. Exchange of Gases in the 

 Tissues, 629. Secretory Activity of Lungs, 630. 



CHAPTER XXXVII. INNERVATION OF THE RESPIRATORY MOVEMENTS . . 631 



The Respiratory Center, 631. Spinal Respiratory Centers, 632. Automatic 

 Activity of the Respiratory Center, 633. Reflex Stimulation of the Center, 

 633. Afferent Relations of the Vagus to the Center, 635. The Inspiratory 

 and Inhibitory Fibers of the Vagus, 637. Respiratory Reflexes from the 

 Larynx, Pharynx, and Nose, 638. Voluntary Control of the Respiratory 

 Movements, 639. Nature of the Respiratory Center, 639. Respiratory Cen- 

 ters in the Midbrain, 640. Automatic Stimulus to the Respiratory Center, 

 640. Cause of the First Respiratory Movements, 643. Dyspnea, Hyperpnea, 

 and Apnea, 643. Innervation of the Bronchial Musculature, 646. 



