TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



SECTION I. 

 THE PHYSIOLOGY 'OF MUSCLE AND NERVE. 



PAGE 



CHAPTER I. THE PHENOMENON OF CONTRACTION 17 



The Histological Structure of the Muscle Fiber, 18. Its Appearance by 

 Polarized Light, 19. The Extensibility and Elasticity of Muscular Tissue, 

 19. The Independent Irritability of Muscle, 22. Definition and Enumeration 

 of Artificial Stimuli, 23. The Duration of the Simple Muscle Contraction, 25. 

 The Curve of a Simple Muscle Contraction, 25. The Latent Period, 26. The 

 Phases of Shortening and Relaxation, 26. Isotonic and Isometric Contrac- 

 tions, 27. Maximal and Submaximal Contractions, 27. Effect of Temperature 

 upon the Simple Contraction, 28. Effect of Veratrin on the Simple Contraction, 

 30. Contracture, 33. Fatigue, the Treppe, and Effect of Rapidly Repeated 

 Stimulation, 33. The Wave of Contraction and Means of Measuring, 34. 

 Idiomuscular Contractions, 34. The Energy Liberated During a Muscular 

 Contraction, 35. The Proportional Amount of this Energy Utilized in Work, 

 36. The Curve of Work and the Absolute Power of a Muscle, 38. Definition 

 of Tetanus or Compound Contraction, 39. The Summation of Contractions, 

 41. Discontinuity of the Processes of Contraction in Tetanus, 42. The 

 Muscle-tone, 41. The Rate of Stimulation Necessary for Complete Tetanus, 

 42. The Tetanic Nature of Voluntary Contractions, 43. The Ergograph, 45. 

 Results of Ergographic Experiments, 47. Sense of Fatigue, 48. Muscle 

 Tonus, 48. Rigor Mortis and Rigor Caloris, 49. The Occurrence and Struc- 

 ture of Plain Muscle Tissue, 52. Distinctive Properties of Plain Muscle, 53. 

 The General Properties of Cardiac Muscular Tissue, 54. The Contractility of 

 Cilia and Their General Properties, 54. 



CHAPTER II. THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MUSCLE AND THE CHEM- 

 ICAL CHANGES OF CONTRACTION AND OF RIGOR MORTIS 57 



The Composition of Muscle Plasma, 57. The Proteins of Muscle, 58. The 

 Carbohydrates of Muscle, 59. Phosphocarnic Acid, 60. Lactic Acid in Muscle, 

 60. The Nitrogenous Extractives of Muscle, 61. Pigments of Muscle, 61. 

 Enzymes of Muscle, 61. Inorganic Constituents of Muscle, 62. The Chemi- 

 cal Changes in Muscle during Contraction, 62. The Chemical Changes during 

 Rigor Mortis, 66. The Relation of the Waste Products to Fatigue, the Chemical 

 Theory of Fatigue, 66. Theories of the Mechanism of the Contraction of 

 Muscle, 68. 



CHAPTER III. THE PHENOMENON OF CONDUCTION. PROPERTIES OF 



THE NERVE FIBER 72 



General Statement Regarding Property of Conductivity, 72. Structure of 

 the Nerve Fiber, 73. Function of the Myelin Sheath, 73. The Nerve Trunk 

 an Anatomical Unit Only, 74. Definition of Afferent and Efferent Nerve 

 Fibers, 75. -^-Classification of Nerve Fibers, 75. The Bell-Magendie Law of 

 the Composition of the Anterior and the Posterior Roots of the Spinal Nerves, 

 77. Cells of Origin of the Anterior and Posterior Root Fibers, 78. Origin 

 of the Afferent and Efferent Fibers in the Cranial Nerves, 79. Independent 

 Irritability of Nerve Fibers, Artificial Nerve Stimuli, 80. Du Bois-Reymond's 

 Law of Stimulation by the Galvanic Current, 82. Electrotonus, 83. Pfluger's 

 Law of Stimulation, 84. The Opening and the Closing Tetanus, 86. M9de 

 of Stimulating Nerves in Man, 86. Motor Points of Muscles, 88. Physical 

 and Physiological Poles, 89. 



CHAPTER IV. THE ELECTRICAL PHENOMENA SHOWN BY NERVE AND 



MUSCLE 91 



The Demarcation Current, 91. Construction of the Galvanometer, 92. Con- 

 struction of the Capillary Electrometer, 94. Non-polarizable Electrodes, 95. 

 Action Current or Negative Variation, 96. Monophasic and Diphasic Action 

 Currents, 98. The Rheoscopic Frog Preparation, 99. Relation of Action 

 Current to the Contraction Wave and Nerve Impulse, 100. The Electrotonic 

 Currents, 101. The Core-model, 102. 



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