346 SCARBOROUGH^ 



according to the returns in 1821, is 8,188. Most of 

 the old streets are narrow and incommodious ; but 



church joining almost to the castle, a great chapel by 

 the Newbo rough gate, and three houses of friars, black 

 and white. At the east end, on one point of the bason of 

 the sea, standeth an exceeding goodly large and strong 

 castle, on a steep rock, having but one way by the steep 

 slaty crag to come to it ; and before you enter the area, 

 of the castle, there are two towers, and between each of 

 them a draw-bridge, having a steep rock on each side of 

 them. In the first court is the arx, (which signifies fort,) 

 the eldest and strongest part, and three towers in a row, 

 to which joins a wall, as an arm coming down from the 

 first court to the point of the cliff, containing six towers, 

 whereof the second is square, and full of lodgings, and 

 called the queen's tower or lodging. At the south east 

 point of the town by the shore, is a bulwark, now in ruin, 

 by the sea washing against it, made by Richard III., that 

 lay awhile at Scardeburg castle ; and beside began to 

 wall a piece of the town quadrato saxo. I heard that 

 Henry I. gave great privileges to the town of Scardeburg. 

 The pier is now much decayed. The town is large and 

 built in the form of a crescent on the sides of a steep hill. 

 At one eud is the castle, with barracks in the yard ; and 

 under it to the south, a large stone pier, and another now 

 building. The castle was demolished in the civil war. 

 Here was a cell of Cistercians before the reign of John, 

 given, on the suppression of alien priories, to Bridling- 

 ton ; a house of Franciscans or grey friars about 1240 ; 

 another of black friars before 13 cf Edward I,; and 

 another of Carmelites, ascribed to Edward II. ; and two 

 hospitals. The east end of the church is ruined. The 

 town drives a good trade in fish; with which they sup- 

 ply York, though 30 miles distant. Besides herrings, 

 they take ling, cod, skate, whiting, mackerel, &c. Here 

 are above 300 ships let out for freight. 



The tOj-- of the rock contains now, as in Leland's time, 

 18 or 20 acres of meadow. This town gave title of earl, 

 2 of William and Mary, 1690, to Richard, viscount 

 Lumley, who died 1721 ; was succeeded by his second 

 son, Kichard ; he, in 1739, by his brother Thomas ; he, 

 in 1752, by his son, Richard ; v. ho dying 1782 was suc- 

 ceeded by his eldest son George; Augustus eight and 



