790 



INDEX. 



374 ; universality and accuracy of 

 his law, 377, 380, 382, 384; 385, 

 389, 394, 424 ; calculation of molar 

 and cosmical phenomena, 439 ; " me- 

 chanical cause " of gravitation, ii. 

 4 ; 5 ; and Huygens, 6 ; method of, 

 8 ; Euler's opposition to, ib.; insuffi- 

 ciency of emission theory, 14, 15 ; 

 suggested both theories of light, 17 ; 

 recognised ' ' polarity " of light rays, 

 22 ; general laws of motion, 28 ; for- 

 mula of attraction, 44 ; referred to, 

 62 ; and the French school of physi- 

 cal astronomy, 79 ; scientific terms, 

 95 ; ' Principia ' and the modern no- 

 tion of energy, 99, 100, 140 ; vibra- 

 tory view of heat, 104 ; laws of mo- 

 tion, 143 ; astronomical researches, 

 227 ; Darwin and, compared, 341 

 et seq. ; 344 ; universal gravitation, 

 351 ; 364, 467 ; optics, 480 ; and 

 Gauss compared, 630 ; 634, 638, 643 ; 

 his theorem on equations proved by 

 Sylvester, 681 ; 706, 733 ; science and 

 religion, 742 ; 751. 



Newtonian formula the basis of physi- 

 cal astronomy, i. 375 ; unique as to 

 universality and correctness, 377 ; is 

 it a universal law ? 378. 



Newtonianism created by Voltaire, i. 

 250, 251 ; dispelled Cartesian physi- 

 cal philosophy in France, 433. 



Nichol, John, on Francis Bacon and 

 his forerunners, i. 94. 



Nichol's ' Cyclopaedia, ' ii. 133. 



Nicholas V., Pope, and the University 

 of Glasgow, i. 268. 



Nicholson and Carlisle, scientific dis- 

 covery of, i. 229. 



'Nicholson's Journal," i. 41, ii. 104. 



Nicol, ' Crystallography,' i. 117. 



Nicomachus, ii. 207. 



Niebuhr, B. G., his indebtedness to 

 Gibbon, i. 169 ; 212. 



Niebuhr, Karsten, on Tobias Mayer, i. 

 158. 



Niepce, photography, ii. 506. 



Nietzsche, idea of recurrent cycles, ii. 

 287. 



Nilson, discovery of scandium, i. 423. 



Nineteenth century not one of revolu- 

 tion, i. 77. 



Nobili, animal electricity, ii. 475. 



Nomenclature, importance of, in 

 science, i. 131. 



Non-Euclidean geometry, ii. 652 et seq.; 

 Klein on, 653 ; 712, 715 ; Halsted 

 and Schlegel on, 714 ; criticised by 

 Lotze, 716. 



Nordenskiold, pupil of Berzelius, i. 

 188. 



' North British Review ' quoted on 

 Scotch educational movement, i. 254. 



Norwood, determined length of a de- 

 gree, i. 97. 



Nother, M., onSophus Lie, ii. 690, 691 ; 

 and Klein, 720. See Brill. 



Number IT, ii, 721 ; and e, transcendent 

 nature of, 731. 



Numbers, theory of, ii. 680 ; revived 

 by Legendre>nd Gauss, ib. ; general- 

 ised, 726 ; transcendental, 727, 730 ; 

 corpus of, 728 ; algebraic, 729. 



Objective mind, ii. 529. 



Observation, insufficiency of mere, i. 

 328. 



Observatory, Greenwich, built, i. 98; ; 

 Pulkowa, i. 99. 



Odling, chemical researches of, i. 414. 



Oersted referred to, i. 238 ; discovery 

 of electro-magnetism, 92, 207, 370, 

 371 ; discoveries of, 366 ; electric cur- 

 rents, 367 ; importance of his dis- 

 coveries, 372 ; indestructibility of 

 force, ii. Ill, 125 ; electrical phenom- 

 ena, 146. 



Oettingen, von, ii. 185 ; statistician, 

 557, 562, 585. 



O'Connell, Daniel, i. 240. 



Ohm, G. S., Fourier's series, i. 241 ; 

 anticipated by Cavendish, 363 ; ac- 

 curacy of his law, 365 ; electro-mag- 

 netic measurements, ii. 78 ; galvanic 

 currents, 79 ; electrical phenomena, 

 146 ; law of, 147 ; resonance, 487 ; 

 508 ; on harmonics, 623. 



Oken, originated scientific associations 

 in Germany, i. 42 ; exponent of the 

 Naturphilosophie, 207 ; 238 ; ' Ele- 

 ments of Physio -philosophy,' 283; 

 founded " Naturforscher - Versamm- 

 lung," 298 ; anatomical analogies, ii. 

 251 ; development of Goethe's views, 

 255 ; influences Owen, 308 ; natural 

 philosophy, 315 ; the genetic view, 

 317, 321 ; evolution, 354 ; 508. 



Olbers, Heinr. Wilh. Mat., rediscovers 

 Ceres, i. 54, 82 ; astronomical work 

 of, 176 ; biographical, 177 ; calculates 

 orbit of Ceres, 182 ; correspondence 

 with Gauss, 185, 304. 



Oldenburg, i. 283. 



Oltramare on Abel, i. 187. 



Operations, inverse, ii. 639 ; different 

 kinds of mathematical, 640 ; calculus 

 of, ib., 655, 684; Hankel on, 640; 

 Peacock on, ib. 



