INDEX. 



Protoplasm, i. 309, ii. 264 ; theory of, 



444. 

 Proust, theory of fixed proportions, i. 



393 ; defeated Berthollet's doctrine of 



chemical affinity, 394 ; 398, 416. 

 Prout, organic analysis, i. 190 ; on 



hydrogen, 230; hypothesis of, 402; 



theory of nature of elements, ii. 192 ; 



Bridgewater Treatise, 325. 

 Psychology, ii. 465 et sea.; mathemati- 

 cal, 498. 

 Psycho-physical aspect of nature, ii. 



218, 465. 

 Psycho-physics, E. H. Weber's law of, 



i. 196 ; 198, ii. 465 et seq., 469; of 



vision, 504 : three facts impressed 



by, 545. 

 Purkinje, founded first physiological 



laboratory, i. 188 ; 198, 208 ; follower 



of Baer, ii. 300. 

 Pusey, E. B., quoted on English and 



German writers, i. 261. 

 Putter of Gottingen University, i. 165. 

 Pythagoras, unity of all existence, ii. 



3 ; school of, 286 ; the octave, 490 ; 



his mathematical ideas, 633. 



Quantics and " tactics " in mathematics, 

 ii. 683. 



'Quarterly Review,' literary criticism 

 of, i. 84 ; 236, 239 ; quoted on educa- 

 tional matters in England, 255 ; Young 

 quoted, ii. 20. 



Quaternions, ii. 654; introduced into 

 Germany by Hankel, 712 ; 717. 



Quatrefages, de, of the "Association 

 Fran9aise," quoted, i. 298. 



Quesnay, economic system of, i. 16, 

 107. 



Quet, experiments with vacuum tubes, 

 ii. 190. 



Quetelet, statistics, i. 122, ii. 563, 588 ; 

 555, 556, 557 ; theory of error, 574 ; 

 theory of probabilities, 579 ; quoted, 

 580, 581, 587, 607, 609; the "mean 

 man," 617. 



Quincke, foam theory of, ii. 427. 



Rademacher, his empiricism in medical 

 science, i. 210. 



Eammelsberg, i. 174. 



Ramsay, Prof., discovery of argon, i. 

 423. 



Ramsden, i. 177 ; astronomical instru- 

 ments, 322. 



Rankine, Macquorn, improvement in 

 steam-engines, i. 93; "thermo- 

 dynamic function," 316, ii. 169 ; the 

 steam-engine, i. 331, ii. 133 ; theor- 



etical thermo-dynamics, 62 ; mole- 

 cular vortices, 63, 82; technical 

 mechanics, 101 ; revival of interest in 

 the ideas of "energy," 114; on the 

 mechanical equivalent of heat, 128 ; 

 Prof. Unwin's account of theories of, 

 135 ; elaboration of Joule's and Reg- 

 nault's experiments, 137 ; energy, 

 "potential" and "actual," 139, 140, 

 174 ; reply to Sir J. Herschel, 139 ; 

 physical view of nature, 141 ; theory 

 of energy, 166; 168, 173 ; heat engines, 

 175 ; mechanical analogies of heat, 

 178; entropy, 169, 180; thermo- 

 dynamics, 603. 



Raoult, researches of, ii. 164, 165. 



Rathtke, ii. 300. 



Rau, A., 'Theorien der modernen 

 Chemie,' i. 406, 414, 430, 455. 



Rauber, ' Formbildung und Form- 

 storung in der Entwickelung von 

 Wirbelthieren,' ii. 401. 



Ray, John, botanist, i. 282 ; classifica- 

 tion of living beings, 288. 



Rayleigh, Lord, discovery of argon, i. 

 423 ; quoted, ii. 170 ; " free energy," 

 173 ; optical researches, 229 ; ' Sound,' 

 488, 490. 



"Realschule,"i. 166. 



Reaumur, referred to by Voltaire, i. 

 105. 



Reciprocity of figures, ii. 663 ; Ger- 

 gonne on, 666. 



Records, contemporary, value of, i. 8. 



Redtenbacher, 'Dynamiden System," i. 

 433 ; influenced by Poncelet, ii. 101 ; 

 heat, 178. 



Registration, ii. 561. 



Regnaud, i. 150. 



Regnault, chemistry, i. 44 ; 245 ; in- 

 vestigated specific heat of chemical 

 compounds, 429 ; influenced German 

 thought, ii. 101 ; experimental work 

 of, 137; "Observations on Steam," 

 139 ; a founder of physical chemistry, 

 152. 



Rehnisch, statistics, ii. 587- 



'Reid, Thomas, Life and Writings of,' 

 by Dugald Stewart, i. 84. 



Reiff, R., his history of series, ii. 646. 



Reiz, indebtedness to Bentley, i. 169. 



Renaissance, period of the, i. 67. 



Renan, testimony to work of German 

 universities, i. 225. 



Rendu, Ambroise, ' Code Universitairej' 

 quoted, i. 150. win *"' 



Reports, annual, on scientific progress, 

 i. 42. 



Reproduction, ii. 443. 



