12 PHILOSOPHICAL THOUGHT. 



Lessing, Herder, Goethe, and Schiller, drew that inspira- 

 tion which was to elevate the nation out of the flat- 

 land of dry rationalism, narrow orthodoxy, and prosaic 

 moralising. 

 9. The genesis of Kant's third Critique has been the 



The Critique 



ofjudg- subject of much writing and many discussions. The 



ment. 



edifice of philosophy built up in the first two Critiques 

 seemed incomplete and divided into two independent 

 structures. This circumstance alone may have prompted 

 its author, who delighted beyond measure in architectonic 

 grouping, in symmetry and system, to add a third and 

 completing structure which would unite the different 

 parts into a complete and harmonious whole. But not 

 only had his system appeared externally disunited through 

 its separate treatment of the intellectual and the practi- 

 cal problems, but both treatments had alike emphasised 

 the duality between the intelligible and the sensible, 

 between the real and the phenomenal worlds. That we 

 should remain in perfect ignorance of the underlying 

 reality of things and yet be able, through our senses and 

 our intellect, to create and possess a knowledge which 

 somehow corresponded to this unknown something ; that, 

 in practice, we should in the phenomenal world be 

 expected and able to carry out, to some extent at least, 

 a purely abstract principle of action, both these circum- 

 stances pointed to the existence of some correspondence 

 between the Known and the Unknown. Otherwise the 

 world of knowledge and that of action would fall hope- 

 lessly asunder in the same way as the system itself which 

 in the first Critique started from the known phenomenal 

 world, and confessed itself unable to find the real, and, in 



