PHILOSOPHICAL THOUGHT. 



taken up by Kant. His philosophy as we have had re- 

 peated occasion to observe had a dual aspect : a purely 

 intellectual and a pronounced ethical side. The latter 

 had been forcibly and independently urged by Fichte 

 with very definite practical results, but I have had 

 occasion to show in former chapters how this practical 

 and moral interest was pushed . into the background 

 by the intellectual or sesthetical interests which for a 

 time supervened and dominated philosophical speculation 

 during the first third of the century. It ended and in a 

 manner collapsed with the romantic movement. 



The greatest example we have of a re-establish- 

 ment of the stricter ethical view in dealing with the 

 religious problem in opposition to the purely logical 

 and the freer sesthetical aspects, is to be found in 

 Schleiermacher's later treatment of the subject as 

 compared with the earlier, which is contained in the 

 celebrated ' Eeden liber die Eeligion.' 



15 . All this indicates a fourth point of view, which we 



Ka'nt" may call the ethical, gained by a union of the positions 



ethics and 



.schieier- O f Kant and Schleiermacher. 



macher's 



psychology. To this we must add a fifth aspect which has been 

 urged from the side of psychology, but not of that older 

 psychology which was known and familiar to Kant and 

 Schleiermacher, the introspective analysis of the human 

 mind. It has been urged from the side of that other 

 and modern psychology which calls itself an exact or 

 a natural science. Herbart started it in Germany in 

 opposition to Kant, but it received its great develop- 

 ment from the twofold influence of English psychology 

 on the one side and of the mathematical and physio- 



