THE ADVISORY COUNCIL 

 OF THE VICTORIA HISTORY 



His GRACE THE LORD ARCH- SIR JOHN EVANS, K.C.B., D.C.L., COL. DUNCAN A. JOHNSTON, C.B. 



BISHOP OF CANTERBURY LL.D., F.R.S., ETC. R.E. 



His GRACE THE DUKE OF SIR EDWARD MAUNDE THOMP- Late Director General of the Ordnance 



BEDFORD, K.G. SON, K.C.B., D.C.L., LL.D., 



F.S.A., ETC. 



Director of the British Museum 

 SIR CLEMENTS R. MARKHAM, 

 K.C.B., F.R.S., F.S.A. 



President of the Zoological Society 



His GRACE THE DUKE OF DEVON- 

 SHIRE, K.G. 



Chancellor of the University of Cam- 

 bridge 



His GRACE THE DUKE OF 

 PORTLAND, K.G. 



His GRACE THE DUKE OF 

 ARGYLL, K.T. 



Survey 



PROF. E. RAY LANKESTER, M.A., 

 F.R.S., ETC. 



Director of the Natural History 

 Museum, South Kensington 



President of the 'noyal Geographical REGINALD L. PoOLE, M.A. 



Society University Lecturer in Diplomatic, 



Oxford 



}. HORACE ROUND, M.A., LL.D. 

 WALTER RYE 



SIR HENRY C. MAXWELL-LYTE, 



K.C.B., M.A., F.S.A., ETC. 



Keeper of the Public Records 



THE RT. HON. THE EARL OF SIR Jos. HOOKER, G.C.S.I.,M.D., W. H. ST. JOHN HOPE, M.A. 



RoSEBERY K.G. K.T D.C.L., F.R.S., ETC. Assistant Secretary of the Society of 



THE RT. HON. THE EARL OF SlR ARCHIBALD GEIKIE, LL.D., 

 COVENTRY KR.S., ETC. 



President^ of the Royal Agricultural REV. J. CHARLES Cox, LL.D., Among the original members of 



F.S.A., ETC. the Council were 





r .b.A., ETC. T HE LATE MARQUESS OF SALISBURY 



HON. THE VISCOUNT LlONEL CusT> M .V.O., M.A., 



'.S.A., ETC. 



Director of the National Portrait 

 Gallery 



THE RT. HON. THE LORD LISTER CHARLES H p M A LL D 



Late Preset of the Royalty Re^s Pr^or 0} Modern History, T E 



THE LATE DR. MANDELL 

 CREIGHTON, BISHOP OF LONDON 

 LATE DR. STUBBS, BISHOP 

 THE RT. HON. THE LORD Oxford OF OXFORD 



ALVERSTONE G.C.M.G. ALBERT C. L.G. GUNTHER,M.A., THE LATE LORD ACTON 



M.D., F.R.S., PH.D. THE LATE SIR WILLIAM FLOWER 



THE^ HON. WALTER ROTHSCHILD, Late President of the Linncan Society THE LATE PROFESSOR F. YORK 



F. HAVERFIELD, M.A., LL.D., POWELL and 



SIR FREDERICK POLLOCK, BART., F-S-A . THE LATE COL. SIR J. FAROJJ- 



LL.D., P.S.A., ETC. Camden Professor of Ancient History HARSON 



General Editor WILLIAM PAGE, F.S.A. 



GENERAL ADVERTISEMENT 



The VICTORIA HISTORY of the Counties of England is a National Historic Survey 

 which, under the direction of a large staff comprising the foremost students in science, history, 

 and archaeology, is designed to record the history of every county of England in detail. This 

 work was, by gracious permission, dedicated to Her late Majesty Queen Victoria, who gave it 

 her own name. It is the endeavour of all who are associated with the undertaking to make it 

 a worthy and permanent monument to her memory. 



Rich as every county of England is in materials for local history, there has hitherto been 

 no attempt made to bring all these materials together into a coherent form. 



Although from the seventeenth century down to quite recent times numerous county 

 histories have been issued, they are very unequal in merit ; the best of them are very rare 

 and costly ; most of them are imperfect and many are now out of date. Moreover, they were 

 the work of one or two isolated scholars, who, however scholarly, could not possibly deal 

 adequately with all the varied subjects which go to the making of a county history. 



VII 



