492 



INDEX AND GLOSSARY 



Cryst'alloidS (*puo-TaAAos, crystal : eZSos 



form), properties of, 6 

 Cuticle (ciittciila, the outer skin), nature 



of in unicellular animals, 45, 109 : in 



multicellular animals, 238 

 Cyst (KVCTTI?, a bag), used for cell-wall in 



many cases, 10, 51 



Dallinger, Dr. W. H , observations on an 



apparent case of heterogenesis, 103 

 Daughter-cells, cells formed by the fission 



or gemmation of a mother-cell, 35, 67 

 Death, phenomena attending, 20, 21, 166 

 Decomposition, nature of, 6, 91 

 Dermal gills. See Respiratory Coeca. 

 Dennis (8e'p/xa, skin), the deep or connec- 



tive tissue layer of the skin, 326 

 Descent, doctrine of. See Evolution. 

 Development, meaning of the term, 43. 



For development of the various types 



see under their names 

 Dextrin, 113 

 Diastase, 81 



Diast'Ole (SiaTreAAco, to separate), the 

 phase of dilatation of a heart, contractile 

 vacuole, &c., in 



DIATOMA CE,ffi (5taTe>j/w, to cut across, 

 because of the division of the shell into 

 two valves), 155 : Figure, 156 



Diat'omin, the characteristic yellow colour- 

 ing matter of diatoms, 154. 155 



Dichot'omous (8txorojuteu>, to cut in two), 

 applied to branching in which the stem 

 divides into two axes of equal value, 318 



Differentiation (differo, to carry different 

 ways), explained and illustrated, 34, 119 



Diges tion (digero, to arrange or digest), 

 the process by which food is rendered fit 

 for absorption, 12, : intra- and extra- 

 cellular, 229: contrasted with assimila- 

 tion, 230 



Digestive gland, 335, 355, 382 



Dimorph'ism, dimorph'ic (fit's, twice: 



xj, form), existing under two forms, 

 35, 136, 242, 438, 442 



Dice'cipUS (Si's, twice : OIKOS, a dwelling), 

 applied to organisms in which the male 

 and female organs occur in different in- 

 dividuals, 199 



DIPH'YES (6i(/>v7js, double) : Figure, 250 : 

 occurrence and general characters, 248 : 

 polymorphism, 249 . 



DiplOblaSt'iC (Sin-Aoo?, double : /SAacrro?, a 

 bud), two-layered : applied to animals in 

 which the body consists of ectoderm and 

 endoderm, 236 : derivation of diploblas- 

 tic from unicellular animals, 261 



Directive sphere, see also Astrosphere 



Disc, Vorticella, 128 



Dispersal, means of: in internal parasite, 

 124: in fixed organisms, 132, 134 



Distal, the end furthest from the point of 



attachment or organic base, 126 

 Distribution of food-materials : in a 

 complex animal, 278 : in a complex 

 plant, 409 



Divergence of character, 145 

 Division of physiological labour, 34 

 DOGFISH '. Figure, 367 : general charac- 

 ters, 368 : exoskeleton, 369 : endo- 

 skeleton (Figures). 372 : enteric canal 

 (Figures), 381: gills, 383: blood-system 

 (Figures), 384 : kidney, 396 : gonads, 

 396 : nervous system and sense organs 

 (Figure), 391 : development (Figure), 



Dry-rigor, stiffening of protoplasm due to 

 abstraction of water, 21 



Ecdysis (e^Sucm, a slipping out), 325 

 Echinodermata, the. 305 



Ect'oderm (e/crds, outside : 5e'p/xa, skin), 

 the outer cell-layer of diploblastic and 

 triploblastic animals, 222, 275 



Ect'OSarC (e/crd?, outside : o-<xp, flesh), the 

 outer layer of protoplasm in the lower 

 unicellular organisms, distinguished by 

 freedom from granules, 4 



Egest'ion (egcro, to expel), the expulsion 

 of waste matters, 12 



Egg-cell. See Ovum. 



Elater, 436^ 



Em'bryo (e/m/Spuor, an embryo or fuetus), 

 the young of an organism before the 

 commencement of free existence. 



Em'bryo-sac. See Megaspore. 



Encysta'tion, being enclosed in a cyst 

 (ffV.) 



End'oderm (ei/Sov, within : Sep/ua, skin), 

 the inner cell-layer of diploblastic and 

 triploblastic animals, 222, 228, 275 



Endodermis, 418 



End'oderm-lamella, Medusa, 240 



EndOg eilOUS (eVfioc, within : yiyvop.au, to 

 come into being), arising from within. 

 e.g. the roots of vascular plants, 422 



Endophragmal System (evSov, within : 



tftpdyna., protection*, 321 



Endopodite (eVSov, within , TTOUS, foot), 323 



End'osarc (eVSoi/, within : <rap, flesh), 

 the inner, granular protoplasm of the 

 lower unicellular organisms, 4 



Endoskel'eton (evSov, within, and skeleton, 

 from o-Ke'AAw, to dry), the internal skele- 

 ton of animals, 372 



End'ospenn (eVSoi/, within : o-n-ep/u-a, seed), 

 nutrient tissue formed in the megaspore 

 of Phanerogams, 459, 476 



Energy, conversion of potential into 

 kinetic, 15 : source of, in chlorophyll- 

 containing organisms, 31 



