52 LICE AND THEIR MENACE TO MAN 



able and much improvement has taken place. 

 If the men cannot be taken to the cleansing 

 stations these should be taken to the men. 

 Each unit should be supplied with a simple 

 cleansing apparatus which should be as mobile 

 as a field kitchen and considered almost as 

 essential. The hot chambers designed by Captain 

 Orr of the Canadian Medical Service, and by 

 Captain Grant and Captain Peacock of the 

 R.A.M.C., which have been found to give such 

 satisfactory results, could easily be modified and 

 put on wheels. 



A very simple and portable apparatus which 

 has been found satisfactory is that known as the 

 " Stammers' Serbian Barrel," while another 

 mobile improvisation is the disinfestation train. 

 Early in 1915, when the British Medical Sanitary 

 Mission under Colonel William Hunter, C.B., 

 A. M.S., was sent to Serbia to assist in controlling 

 the terrible epidemics of typhus and typhoid fever 

 which were raging alike in the Serbian Army and 

 among the civil population, it was found necessary 

 to employ disinfestation on a vast scale. No 

 elaborate disinfestors were available, nor the 

 materials from which such could be constructed. 

 Out of what material was to hand these two very 

 effective disinfestors were devised by Lieutenant 

 Colonel G. F. Stammers, and they have been used 

 since in stemming with good effect the outbreaks 

 of relapsing fever in Egypt, which threatened to 

 assume serious proportions. In both the train 



