RELAPSING FEVER. 347 



As the result of numerous experiments upon 

 monkeys, Carter arrives at the following con- 

 clusions : 



"1. The spirillum fever (relapsing fever) of man is 

 directly transmissible to a quadrumanous animal. 2. 

 There occurs a non-febrile infection of the blood prior 

 to 4 fever.' 3. Though the blood-spirillum was never 

 seen in the monkey without fever ensuing sooner or 

 later, yet the p^yrexia is secondary in time, and is sus- 

 ceptible of highly varied manifestations ; and the spir- 

 illum-disease might be denned as essentially a mycosis 

 sanguinis cum febre." 



MotschutkofFsky has performed inoculation ex- 

 periments upon man, and was successful with blood 

 taken during the pyrexia; while apyretic blood, 

 milk, urine, etc., gave negative results. Accord- 

 ing to Heidenreich, " The addition of equal parts 

 of water to the blood is fatal to the spirochaete. 

 Its activity is not affected by any internal admin- 

 istration of quinine, salicylate of soda, or other 

 agents, and externally only affected by about one 

 per cent of quinine." l 



The evidence in favor of the essential etiological 

 relation of Spirochcete Obermeieri to the form of 

 fever with which it is associated is very strong, 

 independently of the confirmatory experimental 

 evidence. 



We have here a peculiar parasite invading the 

 blood in very great numbers during the access of 



1 Quoted from Shattuck, in Supplement to Ziernssen's Cyclopaedia. 



