TYPHOID FEVER. 



409 



Fig. 26. 



Typhoid bacilli from a lymphatic 

 gland. Hartnack No. 12, Ocu- 

 lar 3. (From Eberth, "Der 

 Typhus-bacillus und die intes- 

 tinale Infection.") 



But when isolated from these 

 masses they are recognized 

 as short thick rods having 

 rounded ends. With high 

 powers many of the bacilli 

 may be seen to contain two 

 or three granules, which are 

 probably spores. The rods 

 are sometimes found, in the 

 juice scraped from the freshly 

 cut surface of a diseased 

 lymphatic gland, in chains 

 of two or three elements. The characters by which 

 these bacilli are recognized are the rounded ex- 

 tremities, and the fact that they are not so deeply 

 stained by the aniline dyes as are the putrefaction 

 bacteria often found in the same preparation. In 

 addition to these bacilli, Eberth recognizes at least 

 seven micro-organisms which he has met with in 

 his microscopical studies, and which may be asso- 

 ciated with them. But the bacillus with rounded 

 ends is said to be peculiar to typhoid, and has not 

 be'en found in a single instance out of twenty-four 

 cases of intestinal disease of a different character, 

 e. g., tuberculosis of the bowels, in which he 

 has made a careful examination by the same meth- 

 ods. Similar negative results were obtained by 

 Mayer in six cases of dysentery and other diseases 

 of the bowels. Koch is of the opinion that the 

 bacillus of Eberth is the only one which has a 

 specific relation to the disease. According to this 



