224 GERMICIDES AND ANTISEPTICS. 



perature is fatal to most of these organisms ; but 

 he has studied a bacillus which is able to multiply 

 and form spores in a culture-fluid at a tempera- 

 ture as high as 74 C., but which ceased to mul- 

 tiply at 77. Miquel had previously reported the 

 existence, in the water of the Seine, of an im- 

 mobile filamentous Bacillus, whch supports a tem- 

 perature of 70 C., and which he has cultivated at 

 this temperature in a neutral meat-infusion. This 

 Bacillus was killed by a temperature of 71 to 72 

 C. The spores of B. subtilis resist for several hours 

 a temperature of 100 C. (212 Fahr). The time 

 required to kill these spores varies according to the 

 nature of the liquid. In yeast-water, and in hay- 

 infusion, they can resist a boiling temperature for 

 five hours ; while in distilled water they are killed 

 after two or three hours. A temperature of 

 115 C. kills them very quickly (Chamberland). 

 Desiccated septic blood does not lose its virulence 

 at the end of forty days ; or by being heated to 

 100 for from three to twenty-four hours, and the 

 contained bacteria are capable of multiplication 

 after such exposure (Lebedeff). 



Hydrochloric Acid, in the proportion of 1 : 200, 

 destroys the virulence of septicoemic blood (S). 

 Hydrochloric acid gas destroys the contagion of 

 vaccine (Braidwood and Vacher). A 2 per cent 

 solution of muriatic acid kills the spores of the 

 anthrax bacillus in ten days, while the develop- 

 ment of these spores is prevented by 1 : 1,700 

 (Koch). 



