THE ANTERIOR LDIBS OF QUADRUPEDS. 25 



The end of organization in animals is to pro- 

 vide instruments capable of duly administering 

 to their instincts, intelligence, or necessities; 

 and in this view of the subject, irrespective of 

 everything else, we have data upon which to 

 assert the immense superiority of man above 

 all other animals. " It is no<^' says Galen, 

 " because man has a hand, that he is, there- 

 fore, the wsest of creatures, as Anaxagoras 

 asserted ; it is because he is the wisest that 

 therefore he has a hand, as Aristotle correctly 

 thought. For it is not the hands themselves 

 which have taught man the arts, but reason. 

 The hands indeed are but the instruments of 

 the arts, as the lyre is the instrument of the 

 mvisician, the pincers of the worker in iron." 



All the mammalia, excepting whales, por- 

 poises, etc., have four limbs ; and in all, man 

 excepted, these limbs are organs of locomotion, 

 though not in all cases of locomotion exclu- 

 sively ; for in some, either one or both pairs 

 are constructed for grasping, and retaining — in 

 many they serve as destructive weapons ; and 

 in others, as scrapers, or burrowing organs. 

 We know that the monkey has the power of 

 grasping both with the hands and feet, the 

 lion and tiger strike down their prey and rend 



