Handling, Distributing, and Sale of Fruit 243 



have brands for each grade of fruit, and when a carload is 

 ready for shipment it is marketed in cooperation with the 

 district exchange of which the association is a member 

 through the agents and facilities provided by the Cali- 

 fornia Fruit-growers' Exchange. 



The District Exchange. The local associations have 

 formed seventeen district exchanges. These exchanges 

 are corporations without profit, with nominal capital 

 stock, each association in the exchange usually owning 

 one share and having one member as its representative 

 on the board of directors. There may be one or more 

 district exchanges in a community depending on the num- 

 ber of local associations and the local conditions. The 

 function of the district exchange is to act as a clearing 

 house in marketing the fruit in cooperation with the 

 associations through the facilities provided by the Cali- 

 fornia Fruit-growers' Exchange, and to act as the medium 

 through which most of the business relations between 

 the exchange and the local associations are handled. 

 It is the duty of the district exchange to order cars and 

 to see that they are placed by the railroads at the various 

 packing-houses, to keep a record of the cars shipped by 

 each association with their destinations, to inform them- 

 selves through the California Fruit-growers' Exchange of 

 all phases of the citrus-marketing business, to place the 

 information before the associations, to receive the returns 

 for the fruit through the central exchange, and to return 

 the proceeds to the associations. 



The Central Exchange. The California Fruit-growers' 

 Exchange is a non-profit corporation under the laws of 

 California formed by the seventeen district exchanges with 



