CHAPTER XXIII 



THE PRESERVATION OF THE INDIAN LAND FAUNA AS A WHOLE. 

 THE PERMANENT SANCTUARY 



The Sanctuary for the preservation of the fauna generally The permanent 

 Sanctuary Permanent Sanctuaries will differ in constitution 

 Dr. Chalmers Mitchell on the question of the Permanent Sanctuary 

 The question of the permanent protection of the fauna by Sanctu- 

 aries throughout the world The formation of such in primeval forest 

 lands Shier members of fauna will only live in such Numerous 

 species as yet unclassified The National Parks of the New World 

 and Australasia The necessity for the formation of permanent 

 Sanctuaries in areas of primeval forest in India. 



IN a preceding chapter we have discussed the Game 

 Sanctuary from the point of view of the preservation 

 of animals of sporting interest, i.e., of those usually 

 termed Game Animals. I now propose to deal briefly 

 with the Sanctuary regarded from the aspect of the preserva- 

 tion of the fauna of a particular area or country as a whole. 

 A Sanctuary formed for such a purpose requires to have a 

 permanent character. In other words, the area should be 

 permanently closed to shooting and to all and every inter- 

 ruption to the ordinary habits of life of the species to be 

 preserved. 



It will be obvious at once that Sanctuaries of this nature and 

 their management will differ widely in different parts of the 

 world. In some cases the only prescriptions would probably 

 relate to shooting, poaching, egg collection, and so forth. 

 It would be unnecessary to close the areas entirely to man. 

 In others, however, it is certain that some of the larger and 

 shier animals and birds, and, I believe, certain classes of 

 insects and so forth, can only be preserved from inevitable 

 extinction if Permanent Sanctuaries of considerable extent 

 are maintained, solely with the object of safeguarding the 

 species for which they are created. In Sanctuaries of this 

 class it will not be merely sufficient to forbid shooting. It 



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