Plant Study 



25 



bark of the stock, as shown in c. The cambium layers of stock 

 and bud must be in contact. The bud is then wrapped to the 

 stalk by means of raffia or waxed-string, as shown in d. To 

 hold the raffia in place, the ends are pushed underneath the 

 wraps. Waxed-string will stick without tying. In about three 

 weeks, if the bud has set, the raffia or the string must be cut 

 or it may girdle the tree. If sprouts form on the stock, they 

 should be rubbed off, as they use the 

 plant-food that is needed to develop the 

 new bud. The following spring after 

 growth starts, the seedling tree above the 

 bud is cut off, as shown in e. Frequent 

 cultivation of the soil during the spring 

 and summer is necessary to keep the 

 young tree growing. In the fall or the 

 next spring, the budded trees are ready to 

 be transplanted to the place they are to 

 occupy in the orchard. Fig. 12 shows a 

 budded tree that is ready for transplant- 

 ing. Locate the bud union. 



The branches of mature peach trees 

 can be budded in the same way as out- 

 lined for seedlings. This is often done 

 when it is desired to change the variety. 





FIG. 12. A budded 

 nursery tree. 



In this case, the limbs are cut to stubs 



so that new shoots will arise into which the buds are set. 



Apples are extensively propagated by budding in the nursery 

 row. The salable tree is two or three years old from the 

 buds. Pears, plums, and other trees are similarly propagated. 



List of commercial methods in fruit propagation. A list is 

 given below as a convenient guide to the commercial methods 

 used in propagating fruit plants. It will be seen that some 

 plants can be propagated in several ways. All of the methods 

 listed for each plant are employed commercially. 



Apple grafts or buds on seedling apple roots. 



