26 Effective Farming 



Pear (standard) buds or grafts on seedling pear roots. 



Pear (dwarf) buds or grafts on quince roots. 



Quince buds on Angers quince, grafts on apple roots, 

 mound layers, hardwood cuttings. 



Peach buds on peach seedlings. 



Cherry buds on cherry seedlings. 



Plums grafts or buds on peach, apricot, almond, or plum 

 seedlings. 



Grapes hardwood cuttings, layers, grafts on grape 

 seedlings. 



Fig hardwood cuttings. 



Citrus fruits buds on citrus seedlings. 



Strawberry runners. 



Red raspberry suckers, root cuttings. 



Black raspberry tip layers. 



Blackberry suckers, root cuttings. 



Dewberry tip layers. 



Currant hardwood cuttings, mound layers. 



Gooseberry hardwood cuttings, mound layers. 



QUESTIONS 



1. What are the functions of water in plants? 



2. What are carbohydrates ? 



3. The term protein is used to designate what kinds of organic 

 compounds ? 



4. In what three ways are plants propagated? 



5. Define spore and tell how spores differ from seeds. 



6. What is the embryo of a seed? 



7. State the conditions necessary for the germination of seeds. 



8. How is rhubarb propagated ? 



9. Tell how to secure sweet potato slips. 



10. What is a cutting? How are cuttings made? 



11. Give examples of plants that propagate naturally by division. 



12. What time of the year are hardwood stem cuttings made ? 



13. Tell how blackberries are propagated by root cuttings. 



14. Describe the method of layering grape vines. 



15. Define graft, cion, stock, bud, bud-stick. 



16. How does budding differ from grafting? 



