Small Grains 



135 



As a general rule, the soft wheats are light and the hard 

 wheats are dark in color. 



61. Uses of wheat. By far the largest part of the wheat 

 grown in the world is used for the manufacture of flour, which 

 is made into bread and paste foods, like macaroni. Certain 

 prepared breakfast foods are made from wheat and a small 

 quantity is fed to live-stock, but usually this latter is of poor 



123 45-6 



FIG. 47. Heads of German emmer, spelt, and einkorn. 1, black winter emmer ; 

 2, white beardless spelt ; 3, black winter emmer ; 4, black bearded spelt ; 

 5, double einkorn ; 6, spring emmer. 



quality and not suitable for flour. In the milling of flour, 

 many by-products result that are employed chiefly as live- 

 stock feeds. The straw is used as roughage feed and bedding 

 for live-stock. 



62. Soils for wheat. Wheat has been grown successfully 

 on most kinds of soil. It is important to have the soil in good 

 tilth. In the case of heavy soils, more work is necessary to 

 bring them into good condition than with loamy soils, but if 

 heavy soils are well tilled they can be made to grow good crops 

 of wheat. Sandy soils for this crop must be well supplied with 



