Fruit-growing 



247 



are usually some solution containing copper. The chief ones 

 are bordeaux mixture, ammoniacal copper carbonate, copper- 

 sulfate solution, sulfur dust, potassium sulfide, boiled lime 

 sulfur, and self-boiled lime sulfur. 



In addition to the insecticides and the fungicides listed, many 

 proprietary preparations are on the market, a number of which 

 give excellent results. As a rule, they are somewhat easier 

 to prepare for use than the home-made mixtures and for this 

 reason are often preferred. 



Many of the insect and fungous pests occur on the fruit-trees 

 at the same time and, when the mixing will have no injurious 

 effects on the trees, orchardists combine the insecticides and 

 fungicides and ap- 



ply them at one 

 spraying. 



Figures 101 and 

 102 show the bene- 

 ficial effects of 

 spraying. Fig. 101 

 illustrates sprayed 

 trees and Fig. 102 

 unsprayed trees in 

 the same orchard. 

 Notice the differ- 

 ence in the foliage 

 of the trees. 



Equipment for 

 spraying. An or- 

 chardist has his 

 choice of many types of sprayers when purchasing equipment. 

 The outfits range from small knapsack sprayers and barrel 

 outfits to gas power outfits. Figs. 103 to 105 show various 

 types of equipment for spraying. 



Spray schedules. To be effective, spraying must be done 

 thoroughly and at the life period of the insect and fungus during 



FIG. 102. Unsprayed trees in same orchard as 

 shown in Fig. 101. 



