340 Effective Farming 



lap, underline, and legs. Also, a white switch on the tail 

 is often found. The white face is so universal and so pro- 

 nounced a character that the animals are often called " white 

 faces." In conformation the body of the Herefords is broad, 

 deep, compactly built and is set on short legs. The general 

 appearance is that of a low, compact, blocky animal. The 

 horns are longer and coarser than those of the Shorthorn ; 

 they are wide with waxy tips and curve outward, upward, 

 and backward or outward and forward, or outward and down- 

 ward. In bulls they are often drooping. The Hereford some- 

 times has a sloping rump and thighs lacking in depth and thick- 

 ness. In recent years breeders have accomplished much to 

 correct these faults. The hair is generally curly and of medium 

 length, although short-haired animals are often seen. The 

 animals are good rustlers for feed and are well adapted to range 

 conditions. They cross well with native stock and have been 

 largely used by cattlemen for improving range stock in the 

 Southwest. They thrive in the South, cross fairly well with 

 the native stock and are able to stand the heat and to sub- 

 sist on the rather poor native pastures. They are also very 

 popular in the corn-belt. 



Polled Hereford. A breed of cattle known as Polled Here- 

 ford has recently been developed. The breed was produced 

 by selecting and breeding Herefords that showed polled char- 

 acteristics. Pure-bred Polled Herefords are eligible for registry 

 in the American Hereford herd-book and the American Polled 

 Hereford record. They are the same as horned Herefords, 

 except for the absence of horns. 



Aberdeen- Angus. The animals of the Aberdeen- Angus 

 breed (Fig. 137) are hornless. They are usually smaller than 

 the Shorthorns, mature bulls ranging from 2000 to 2200 pounds 

 and mature cows from 1200 to 1600 pounds. The desired 

 color is solid black. Red animals are sometimes found, but 

 they are not popular with breeders. In conformation the 

 Angus cattle differ from the Shorthorns and Herefords show- 



