48 STUDY AND IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIA 



sis of bacterial diseases are the guinea pig, the rabbit, the white rat 

 and the white mouse. In the following diseases the most suitable 

 animals for inoculation are : 



1. Tetanus mice or guinea-pigs subcutaneously. The spasms begin in the limbs 

 nearest the site of inoculation. 



2. Pneumococci and streptococci mice intraperitoneally or rabbits intraven- 

 ously. 



3. Staphylococci rabbits. 



4. Diphtheria, tuberculosis, anthrax and malignant oedema the guinea-pig 

 subcutaneously. 



5. Glanders and cholera the guinea pig, intraperitoneally. 



6. Plague guinea-pigs, cutaneously or subcutaneously. 



In the cutaneous method of infection the material, as from a plague bubo, or 

 the sputum from pneumonic plague, is thoroughly rubbed with a glass rod upon 

 the shaven surface of the guinea-pig. 



In the subcutaneous method one can use a hypodermic needle (the all glass 

 syringe with platino-iridium needle is the best) or an opening can be cut with the 

 scissors, a pocket then opened up with the forceps and a piece of tissue inserted to 

 the bottom of the pocket with the forceps. 



The large ear vein of the rabbit is used for intravenous inoculation. This can be 

 made to stand out with either hot water or xylol. 



In intraperitoneal injections the animal is best held head down so that the 

 intestines gravitate downward. The shaven skin is pinched up and the needle 

 inserted in the median line. 



