SYPHILIS 



225 



of the suspected serum and one loopful of the collargol suspension are mixed and 

 smeared out and examined as for the India-ink method. 



T. pallidum has been cultivated anaerobically in horse serum by Schereschewsky. 

 The cultures contained other organisms. Muhlens, by growing anaerobically on 

 horse-serum agar (i to 3), claims to have obtained pure cultures. Animal inocu- 

 lations with this material were negative, however. 



-AVERY- 



FIG. 6 1. Binucleata, (Haemoflagellata and Haemosporozoa). i. Schizo- 

 trypanum cruzi; (a) Merozoite just entering r.b.c.; () fully developed trypanosome 

 form in blood; (c) form found in intestine Conorhinus; (d) form in salivary 

 gland of Conorhinus; (e) merocyte from the schizogenous cycle in lungs. 2. Leish- 

 mania donovani; (a) Parasites from spleen smear, free and packed in phagocytic 

 cell; (b) and (c) flagellate forms from cultures. 3. Trypanosoma gambiense. 4. 

 Plasmodium vivax; (a) young schizont; (b) uninfected red cell; (c) red cell, punctate 

 basophilia; (d) merocyte; (e) macrogamete; (/) adult schizont. 5. Plasmodium 

 malariae; (a) half-grown schizont showing equatorial band; (b) macrogamete; (c) 

 merocyte; (d) young schizonts. 6. Plasmodium falciparum; (a) red cell showing 

 multiple infection; (b) young ring form; (c) crescent; (d) young schizont on per- 

 iphery of r.b.c. 7. (a) Treponema pallidum; (b) Spirochaeta refringens. 8. Trepon- 

 ema pertenue. 



Noguchi has cultivated T. pallidum under strict anaerobic conditions in a medium 

 of ascitic fluid containing a piece of fresh sterile tissue, preferably placenta. The 

 growth is faintly hazy and does not have an offensive odor. Spirochaeta micro- 

 dentium shows similar morphology but the cultures have a foul odor. Sp. macro- 

 dentium is similar culturally but differs morphologically. 



When cultures of T. pallidum, grown for one or more weeks in ascitic fluid agar 

 IS 



