340 



THE URINE 



Unless having the characteristics of the itch mite and in a person showing scabies 

 lesions about the genital organs the diagnosis of the mite as A. Scabiei should 

 not be made. 



Crystals of biliverdin may be found in the urinary sediment in marked jaundice. 

 They somewhat resemble crystals of tyrosin but are brownish in color while those 

 of tyrosin are black. Furthermore, it is excessively rare to find crystals of leucin 

 and tyrosin in the urinary sediments, and in such diseases as acute yellow atrophy of 

 the liver, the urine should be concentrated to one-tenth its volume and the residue 

 treated with alcohol. The tyrosin crystalline sheaves and the leucin striated 

 globules crystallize out from the alcohol. 



I 



s 



FIG. IOQ. Epithelium from different areas of the urinary tract, a, Leukocyte 

 (for comparison); b, renal cells; c, superficial pelvic cells; d, deep pelvic cells; e, 

 cells from calices; /, cells from ureter; g, g, g, g, g, squamous epithelium from the 

 bladder; h, h, neck-of-bladder cells; i, epithelium from prostatic urethra; k, urethra! 

 cells; I, I, scaly epithelium; m, m' ', cells from seminal passages; n, compound granule 

 cells; o, fatty renal cell. (Ogden.} 



URINARY SEDIMENTS. 



Turbidity of the urine is most often due either to bacterial contamination, 

 amorphous urates (sedimentum lateritium) or phosphates. 



Urates go into solution upon heating and phosphates upon the addition of a few 

 drops of acetic acid. 



In turbidity due to bacteria contaminating the urine subsequent to its passage 

 it is best to call for another sample. 



To preserve urinary sediments formalin is the best for casts and epithelial cells 

 while for general use one may employ a piece of camphor or the addition of one 

 volume of saturated borax solution to four volumes of urine. 



