PRACTICAL ANATOMY. 



FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF ANATOMY. 



In the following introductory pages will be found some rules and observations 

 on anatomical study which the student must learn, if he would become master 

 of dissecting-room technique. Under the above heading are considered : 



1. Anatomical nomenclature. 



2. Anatomical tissues applied. 



3. Functions of periosteum. 



4. Eminences and depressions of bone. 



5. Anatomical weak points. 



6. Anatomical visceral roots. 



7. Anatomical antagonism in muscles and nerves. 



8. Shape of muscle an index to the nerve-supply. 



9. Hilton's law regarding articular nerves. 



10. Non-apposition of anatomical structures. 



1 1. Anatomical sheaths ; rationale of their formation. 



12. Dissection defined. 



13. Fanciful names for muscles. 



14. Sphincters and orbiculars distinguished. 



15. Geometrical usage in anatomy. 



1 6. Substantive adjectives : use of. 



17. Law of projectiles : its application to grooves. 



1 8. Application of law of projectiles to reflex pain. 



19. Fasciae, superficial and deep. 



20. Aponeuroses : varieties of. 



21. Origin and insertion of muscle. 



22. Synovial membranes. 



23. Serous and mucous membranes. 



24. Anatomical fibrous arches. 



ANATOMICAL NOMENCLATURE. 



This chapter is intended to explain in advance some of the features of 

 anatomical nomenclature, a knowledge of which will facilitate an understanding 

 of what is seen, read, and heard. 



Anatomical nomenclature is the technical language of anatomy. Chemistry, 

 music, law, all the arts and sciences, have their nomenclature. One of the 

 surest indications of thorough system in any science is the nomenclature of that 

 science, if, indeed, a department can be called scientific without a nomenclature. 



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