THE THORAX. 



223 



The aorta, the pulmonary arteries and veins, the ductus arteriosus. 



What can yon say of the investment of the aorta and pulmonary artery? 



They are invested by a common sheath ; behind these vessels is a passage 

 called the great sinus of the pericardium. 



Name the valves of the heart and the valves of its vessels, and tell hoiv they are 

 formed. 



The coronary, the Eustachian, the aortic and pulmonary semilunar, the right 

 and left auriculo-ventricular. They are formed by folds of endocardium and 

 subserous connective tissue. 



What are the grand divisions of the right auricle / 



The auricular appendix and sinus venosus, or atrium. This auricle forms the 

 front part of the base of the heart. Into the atrium the following structures 



Right carotid artery 



Left carotid artery 

 Left subclavian artery 



Aorta 

 Ductus arteriosus 



Pulmonary artery 



Left pulmonary veins 



LEFT AURICLE 



Left coronary artery 



Left marginal artery 



Oblique vein of Marshall 



Left marginal vein 



PERICARDIUM 



Coronary sinus 



erior cardiac vein 



Poster 



Innominate artery 



\ena cava superior 



Right pulmonary veins 

 RIGHT AURICLE 



Vena cava inferior 



Right coronary artery 

 Posterior intervenlricular vein 



Posterior interventricular branch 

 of right coronary 



Anterior interventricular 

 branch of left coronary 



FIG. 157. POSTERIOR VIEW OF THE HEART, SHOWING ITS ARTERIES AND VEINS. 



open: (i) The descending vena cava; (2) the ascending vena cava; (3) the 

 auriculo-ventricular opening ; (4) the coronary sinus ; (5) the foramina of 

 Thebesii ; the foramen ovale in the foetus. 



What can 'you say of the foramina of Tlicbesius ? 



The most of them are blind sacs. Some are, however, perforate, and return 

 blood from the heart by the venae minimae cordis. The largest vein of this 

 group is called the vein of Galen. You will remember the veins of Galen 

 return the blood from the basal ganglia of the brain to the straight sinus of the 

 dura mater. To be specific in speech, then, speak of the veins of Galen of the 

 brain and of the heart. 



Name the openings in the right auricle having valves. 



The auriculo-ventricular, the coronary sinus, and the ascending vena cava. 



