268 PRACTICAL ANATOMY. 



TABLE SHOWING COMMON DISEASES. (Continued.} 

 i Sympathetic pain, dull and aching. 



., ^ ,- . i Somatic pain, umbilical tenderness. 



Acute Enteritis, . . -< Reflex . doininal walls 



' Nerve route, solar plexus via lumbar plexus. 



{Sympathetic pain, local burning. 

 Somatic pain, gnawing. 

 T" Q \~ A 1_ L J 



Reflex, right nypochondrium. 

 Nerve route, solar plexus -via intercostals. 

 r Sympathetic pain, local pain set aside. 

 Intussusception, . . 3 Somatic pain, severe in umbilical region. 



i Reflex, abdominal walls. 



* V Nerve route, solar plexus via lower intercostals. 

 i- Sympathetic pain, set aside locally, or colicky. 



Strangulated Hernia, \ S ? omatic P* in ' sev f re . umbilicus. 

 / Reflex, abdominal walls. 



v Nerve route, solar plexus via intercostals. 

 r Sympathetic pain, dull locally. 

 Parenchymatous \ Somatic pain, mild somatically. 



Hepatitis 1 Reflex, under right scapula, in shoulder. 



v. Nerve route, solar plexus via circumflex and intercostals. 

 r Sympathetic pain ; when deep-seated, no pain. 

 Suppurative 1 Somatic pain, severe when superficial. 



Hepatitis \ Reflex, right shoulder. 



v Nerve route, solar plexus via circumflex nerve. 

 r Sympathetic pain, weight in right hypochondrium. 

 r - ... ) Somatic pain, very seldom any pain. 



' 1 Reflex, no reflex. 



v. Nerve route, solar plexus via vagus. 



r Sympathetic pain, darting in various directions. 



^ r T - * Somatic pain, severe. 



Cancer of Liver, . . , Reflex Jg abdominal wa]ls 



v. Nerve route, solar plexus via intercostals. 

 r Sympathetic pain, uneasiness and distress. * 

 Bili-vrv Calculi \ Somatic pain, severe, cutting, tearing. 



' ] Reflex, chest and abdomen. 



v. Nerve route, solar plexus via intercostals. 

 Sympathetic pain, dull and distressing. 



Ovaritis \ Somatic pain, severe and annoying. 



Reflex, scalp, back, thigh. 



Nerve route, hypogastnc plexus via fifth nerve, lumbar plexus. 





Rationale of reflex pain and the anatomical factors involved in a simple 

 physiological reflex circuit. The rationale of reflexes is to be found in the law 

 of projectiles. Pain as a projectile having reached a transfer centre, pursues the 

 line of least resistance or the point of greatest traction. The factors involved in 

 a reflex circuit are : (i) A sensory nerve leading to a transfer centre. (2) A sen- 

 sory nerve leading from a transfer centre to a sentient area. 3. A transfer centre 

 communicating centrally with a sympathetic area, and peripherally with a somatic- 

 area. In figure 186 the pain is in the end of the penis; the disease is renal 

 colic. The sensory nerve to the penis, the internal pudic, a branch of the sacral 

 plexus ; the nerve-supply to the kidney is from the renal plexus. The pain is 

 more severe in the distribution of the somatic nerves than at the scat of th< 

 disease. 



In like manner figure 186 shows the same. This \vc will then call a sen- 

 sory reflex pain, in which the pain is greatly exaggerated by its transmission 

 over the somatic part of the reflex circuit. A motor reflex pain may be repre- 

 sented in figure 187. Here also is a reflex circuit, the constituents of which are 

 (i) a sensory nerve ; (2) a motor nerve ; (3) a transfer centre. The phenomena 

 produced are called motor reflexes. 



Kemembcr, these schematic figures are introduced here, not for the purpose 



is 



: 



