POSTERIOR PART OF LOU'ER EXTREMITY. ?8g 



\J s 



diverging; branches of the V-incision you made in the skin. You will notice that 

 the three divisions of the plantar fascia correspond to the three muscles in the 

 first layer, cover them, and in great part are almost inseparably connected there- 

 with. (Fig. 273.) The plantar fascia is part of the origin of these muscles. 

 Remove this fascia (Figs. 281 and 273) and trace out with the forceps the 

 branches of the internal and external plantar nerves and vessels. (Fig. 272.) 



The plantar fascia has a central part that covers the flexor brevis digitorum ;. 

 an outer portion that covers the abductor minimi cligiti, and is continuous with 

 the dorsal fascia of the foot externally ; an inner portion that covers the abductor 



Part of abductor minimi cligiti 



Flexor brevis minimi digit! 



Trans versus pedis 



Divided tendons of flexor brevis 

 digitorum 



Long plantar (long inferior 

 calcaneo-cuboid) ligament 



Flexor longus hallucis 

 Flexor longus digitorum 

 Tibialis posticus 



Flexor brevis hallucis 

 Adductor hallucis 



Tendon of the flexor longus 

 hallucis 



Tendon of flexor longus digitorum 



FIG. 274. THIRD LAYER OF THE MUSCLES OF THE 



hallucis, and is continuous internally with the dorsal fascia of the foot. Poste- 

 riorly, the plantar fascia is attached to the os calcts ; anteriorly, it is continuous 

 with the ligamenta vaginales. 



Muscles of the First Layer (Fig. 273). Dissect carefully in the grooves 

 between the middle muscle and the muscles on each side of it. Trace all three 

 muscles back to their origins on the os calcis. (Fig. 268.) Likewise trace each 

 forward to its insertion : the abductor liallucis to the base of the first phalanx 

 of the great toe (Fig. 268) ; the abductor minimi digiti to the base of the first 

 phalanx of the little toe ; the flexor brci'is digitorum to the second phalanges 

 of the four lesser toes, by cutting through the ligamenta vaginales the long 



