CONTENTS. xi 



SECTION IV. 

 The Muscle-Nerve preparation as a Machine. 



PAGE 



•§ 74. The influence of the nature and mode of application of the stimulus 

 on the magnitude of the contraction. Maximal and minimal 

 stimuli. Influence of abruptness and duration of stimulus. Some 

 parts of a nerve more irritable than others 119 



§ 75. Frequency of repetition necessary to produce tetanus ; pale and red 



muscles. The muscular sound 121 



§ 76. The influence of the load ; effect of resistance. The work done . 123 



§ 77. The influence of the size and form of the muscle .... 124 



SECTION V. 



The Circumstances which determine the Degree of Irritability or 



Muscles and Nerves. 



§ 78. Diminution and disappearance of irritability after severance from 

 the body. Effect of division of nerves ; degeneration of nerve 



fibres 125 



§ 79. The influence of temperature 127 



§ 80. The influence of blood supply 128 



§ 81. The influence of functional activity. Exercise. Fatigue. The causes 



of exhaustion 128 



SECTION VI. 



On some other Forms of Contractile Tissue. 



Plain, Smooth, or Unstriated Muscular Tissue. 



§ 82. Muscular tissue 131 



§ 83. The chemistry of unstriated muscle 131 



§ 84. The characters of the contraction of unstriated muscle. Peristaltic 



contractions. ' Spontaneous ' contractions. Tonic contractions . 131 



Ciliary Movement. 



§ 85. The action of cilia 134 



§ 86. Nature of ciliary movement. Circumstances affecting ciliary move- 

 ments 134 



Amoeboid Movements. 



§ 87. Nature of an amoeboid movement ; its relation to a muscular con- 

 traction 137 



