LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. xvii 



FIG. PAOR 



152. Pedestrian furnished with special shoes and carrying a chronographic 



apparatus (Marey) . . . . . . .264 



153. Special apparatus for recording the contacts of a horse's feet with the 



ground (Marey) ........ 265 



154. Chronographic apparatus recording the paces of a horse (Marey) . 265 



155. Rhythm curves obtained from a man running (Marey) . . . 266 



156. Chronographic record of the periods of contact of the feet of a man 



executing various paces (Marey) ...... 266 



157. Chronophotographic method of recording bodily progression (Marey) . 267 



158. Chronophotograph of a man's movements when walking (Marey) . 267 



159. Chronograph of the movements of a man's leg in running (Marey) . 268 



160. Illustrates certain mechanical forces operative during progression . 270 



161. To illustrate the surface of the body exposed to the resistance of air in 



bicycling, in running, and in walking ..... 271 



162. Illustrates the difference between the centre of gravity of the body in 



the erect posture and in running ..... 272 



163. Shows the effect of the thrust of the foot against the ground in progression 272 



164. Diagrammatic representation of position of diaphragm during expiration 



and inspiration ........ 276 



165-167. Diagrams illustrating the action of the intercostal muscles upon the 



ribs ........ 277, 278 



168. Normal tracing of diaphragm-slips of rabbit : Head's method . . 283 



169. Diagrammatic section of medulla oblongata below middle of olivary 



body, to show region of respiratory centre (Bechterew) . . . 285 



170. Effect on respiratory movements of closing trachea at height of inspir- 



atory period (Head) ....... 294 



171. Effect on respiratory movements of closing the trachea during the 



expiratory pause (Head) ....... 295 



172. Effects on respiratory movements of dividing first one and then the 



other vagus (Head) ....... 297 



173. The right vagus has been' divided, and the curve shows the effect pro- 



duced by complete collapse of the left lung (Head) . . . 298 



174. Effects on respiratory movements of positive ventilation with air (Head) 299 



175. „ „ „ negative „ (Head) . 299 



176. Diagrammatic representation of effects of different kinds of ventilation 



(Head) 300 



177. Apnceic pause, caused by positive ventilation with hydrogen (Head) . 300 



178. Respiratory tracing showing negative after-effect of inflation of lungs 



(Head) 302 



179. Tracings of blood pressure and of intratracheal pressure, taken by 



Einthoven's " differential manometer " . 310 



180. Diminution of respiratory excursions produced by spasm of bronchial 



muscle (Einthoven) . . . . . .311 



181-183. Curves obtained during swallowing (Kronecker and Meltzer) . 317 



184. Curve obtained by placing a balloon in the oesophagus (Kronecker and 



Meltzer) .......•• 318 



185. Starling's Enterograph .....•• 327 



186. Rhythmical contractions of circular coat of small intestine . • 328 



187. Curve to show effects of exciting peripheral end of right vagus . . 332 



188. Curve showing inhibitory effect on contractions of small intestine . 333 

 188a. Diagram of the nerve supply to the bladder and colon in the cat 



(Langley and Anderson) ....••• 343 



189. The double adductor preparation ....•• 3o4 



190. Cosine lever, combined with writing lever and tension recorder (Fick) . 355 



