x CONTENTS. 



of Cutaneous Pain — Scope of the term " Common Sensation " — The Viscera and 

 Common Sensation — The Musculo-articular Apparatus and Common Sensation 

 — Nature of " Physical Pain " — Action of Painful Stimuli — Character of the 

 Motor Reactions provoked — The Central Neural Mechanism for Cutaneous 

 Pain — Tickling — Dolorous Reflexes compared with Tactual — The Spinal Path 

 of Pain — Associated (Referred) Pains — Interference of Pain with other Sensa- 

 tions — The Peripheral Path of Pain — " Pain-Spots " in the Skin — Pain and 

 Nerves of Muscular Sense — Pain and Visceral Nerves — Hunger as a Type of 

 Visceral Sensation — Evolution of Visceral Pain — Cutaneous Pain and Adequate 

 Stimuli — Specific End-organs or Undifferentiated Endings — The Forms of 

 " Excess " of Stimulus— Summation in Production of Pain — " Inertia " of the 

 Neural Apparatus of Pain — The Brain and Physical Pain . . page 920 



THE MUSCULAR SENSE. 



By C. S. SHERRINGTON. 



Definition of " Muscular Sense " — Views regarding the nature of Muscular Sense — 

 Charles Bell's " Sixth Sense " — The Peripheral Apparatus of the Muscular 

 Sense ; Histological Data — Nerves of Muscles and Tendons — End-Bulbs and 

 Pacinian Corpuscles — Hypothesis as to the Mode of Excitation of the Peripheral 

 End-Organs of the Muscular Sense — Muscle-Reflexes — The Performances of 

 Muscular Sense — Perception of Posture — Perception of Passive Movement — 

 Perception of Active Movement — Objective Effects of Loss of Muscular Sense 

 upon " Willed Movement " — Subconscious Character of Reactions of Muscular 

 Sense — Probable Importance of Tonus for Co-ordination — Appesthesia produces 

 Ataxy of "Willed Movement" — Senso-paralysis — Perception of Resistance— 

 The Liminal Stimulus — The Liminal Difference — "Adaptation" — Interpreta- 

 tion of Results — Fusion of Muscular with other Sensations . . page 1002 



VISION. 



By W. H. R. RIVERS. 



The Dioptric System — Accommodation — The Pupil — The Retina and Visual 

 Sensations — Physiological Retinal Processes — Visual Sensations — Adaptation 

 and Induction — The Duration of Stimulus and Sensation — The Brightness of 

 Colour Sensations — Mixture — -Vision of Different Regions of the Retina — 

 Colour-Blindness, etc. — Binocular Phenomena — Functions of the Retinal 

 Structures — Theories of Colour- Vision — Binocular Vision — Movements of the 

 Eyes — Spatial Perception page 1026 



THE EAR. 

 By JOHN GRAY M'KENDRICK and ALBERT A. GRAY. 



The External Ear— The Auricle — The External Auditory Meatus — Movements of 

 the Auricle — The Middle Ear — The Tension of the Membrana Tympani, and 

 its Regulation — Movements of the Membrana Tympani in response to Sound 

 Pressures — The Movements of the Malleus — The Movements of the Incus — 

 The Movements of the Stapes — The Tensor Tympani — The Stapedius — The 

 Movements of the Ossicles as a whole under the Influence of Sound-waves — 

 The Magnitude of the Movements of the Ossicles — Transmission of Sound to 

 the Labyrinth otherwise than by the Ossicles — Regulation of Atmospheric 

 Pressure in the Tympanum — Auditory Reflexes — Binaural Audition — The 

 Internal Ear — General Mechanism of Internal Ear — The Utricle and Saccule 

 — The Cochlea — Pitch — Beats — Beat Tones — Audibility as affected by Intensity 

 —The Analytic Properties of the Ear — Resonance — Probable Action of the 

 Cochlea — Upper Partial Tones and the Theory of Dissonance — Combination 

 Tones — Objections to the Theory of Helmholtz — Other Theories— The Semi- 

 circular Canals page 1149 



