APPENDIX. 



883 



Dorsal Roots. 



Fourth cervical. — Retraction of shoulder or 

 sometimes protraction and lifting of 

 shoulder ; flexion at elbow, but not 

 invariably ; occasionally flexion - ad- 

 duction of thumb ; lateral flexion of 

 neck. 



Third cervical. — Elevation of shoulder ; 

 drawing down of head to same side ; 

 flexion of elbow feeble and occasional. 

 The flexion of elbow is in great measure 

 supinator longus action : twisting of 

 head and neck to opposite side. 



Second cervical. — Drawing up of shoulder. 

 doAvn of head to same side ; turning of 

 chin toward opposite shoulder with 

 neck. Neither in this root nor in pre- 

 ceding did moderate stimuli evoke con- 

 traction in the muscles of the hyoid 

 region. 



No dorsal root. 



Fifth cranial nerve. — Opening of mouth ; 

 turning of chin toward opposite 

 shoulder ; wrinkling of muzzle ; con- 

 junctival reflex. 



Ventral Roots. 



with some (slight) retraction of neck 

 and head. 



Fourth cervical. — Elevation of shoulder, 

 dragging it headward and toward the 

 spinal column. Slight lateral flexion 

 toward side stimulated with marked 

 retraction. When the shoulder is fixed, 

 slight turning of the head toward 

 the opposite side previously obtainable 

 becomes more pronounced. 



Third cervical.— -No movement of the limb 

 proper. Lateral flexion of the neck 

 toward the side stimulated, with 

 marked retraction and a little turning 

 of the neck, so that chin is thrust 

 upward toward opposite side. 



Second cervical. — No movement of the 

 limb proper. Lateral flexion of the 

 neck toward the side stimulated, with 

 some retraction. Little or no rotation 

 of the head, but the chin may be 

 turned slightly toward opposite axilla. 



First cervical. — No movement of limb 

 proper. Lateral flexion of the neck 

 toward the side stimulated without 

 rotation of the head. 





