34 L1PE AND HABIT. 



ing in other walks of life," continues Dr. Carpenter, 

 " that particular persons are guided some apparently 

 by an original and others by an acquired intuition 

 to conclusions for which they can give no adequate 

 reason, but which subsequent events prove to have 

 been correct." And this, I take it, implies what I have 

 been above insisting on, namely, that on becoming in- 

 tense, knowledge seems also to become unaware of the 

 grounds on which it rests, or that it has or requires 

 grounds at all, or indeed even exists. The only issue 

 between myself and Dr. Carpenter would appear to be, 

 that Dr. Carpenter, himself an acknowledged leader in 

 the scientific world, restricts the term " scientific " to the 

 people who know that they know, but are beaten by 

 those who are not so conscious of their own knowledge ; 

 while I say that the term " scientific " should be applied 

 (only that they would not like it) to the nice sensible 

 people who know what's what rather than to the dis- 

 covering class. 



And this is easily understood when we remember 

 that the pioneer cannot hope to acquire any of the 

 new sciences in a single lifetime so perfectly as to be- 

 come unaware of his own knowledge. As a general 

 rule, we observe him to be still in a state of active 

 consciousness concerning whatever particular science 

 he is extending, and as long as he is in this state 

 he cannot know utterly. It is, as I have already so 

 often insisted on, those who do not know that they 

 know so much who have the firmest grip of their 

 knowledge : the best class, for example, of our English 

 youth, who live much in the open air, and, as Lord 



