Ii 4 LIFE AND HABIT. 



free of the pain, and to shake off the acetic acid that is 

 burning it ; it will bring its foot up to the part of its 

 body that is irritated, and this movement of the 

 member will follow the irritation wherever it may be 

 produced. 



The above is mainly taken from M. Eibot's work 

 on heredity rather than Dr. Carpenter's, because M. 

 Ribot tells us that the head of the frog was actually 

 cut off, a fact which does not appear so plainly in 

 Dr. Carpenter's allusion to the same experiments. 

 But Dr. Carpenter tells us that after the brain of a 

 frog has been removed which would seem to be much 

 the same thing as though its head were cut off " if 

 acetic acid be applied over the upper and under part 

 of the thigh, the foot of the -same side will wipe it 

 away; but if that foot be cut off, after some ineffectual 

 efforts and a short period of inaction," during which it 

 is hard not to surmise that the headless body is con- 

 sidering what it had better do under the circumstances, 

 " the same movement will be made by the foot of the 

 opposite side" which, to ordinary people, would convey 

 the impression that the headless body was capable of 

 feeling the impressions it had received, and of reason- 

 ing upon them by a psychological act; and this of 

 course involves the possession of a soul of some 

 sort. 



Here is a frog whose right thigh you burn with 

 acetic acid. Very naturally it tries to get at the place 

 with its right foot to remove the acid. You then cut 

 off the frog's head, and put more acetic acid on the 

 same place : the headless frog, or rather the body of 



