290 LIFE AND HABIT. 



Mr. Darwin's variations are of the nature of "sport," 

 i.e., rare, and owing to nothing that we can in the least 

 assign to any known cause, the reviewer's objections 

 carry much weight. Against the view here advocated, 

 they are powerless. 



I cannot here go into the difficulties of the geologic 

 record, but they too will, I believe, be felt to be almost 

 infinitely simplified by supposing the development of 

 structure and instinct to be guided by intelligence and 

 memory, which, even under unstable conditions, would 

 be able to meet in some measure the demands made 

 upon them. 



When Mr. Mivart deals with evolution and ethics, 

 I am afraid that I differ from him even more widely 

 than I have done from Mr. Darwin. He writes 

 ("Genesis of Species," p. 234): "That 'natural selec- 

 tion ' could not have produced from the sensations of 

 pleasure and pain experienced by brutes a higher degree 

 of morality than was useful; therefore it could have 

 produced any amount of 'beneficial habits,' but not 

 abhorrence of certain acts as impure and sinful." 



Possibly " natural selection " may not be able to do 

 much in the way of accumulating variations that do not 

 arise ; but that, according to the views supported in this 

 volume, all that is highest and most beautiful in the 

 soul, as well as in the body, could be, and has been, 

 developed from beings lower than man, I do not greatly 



