6 Life and Hcalt/i 



The word anatomy, however, is usually employed instead 

 of morphology. It is derived from two Greek words 

 (ava and refiva)) and literally means a cutting up or 

 dissecting. 



Humanjmatomy deals with the form and structure of the 

 human body, and describes how the different parts are 

 arranged, as learned by observation of the body as a whole, 

 by dissection, and by the use of the microscope. 



Histology, or " minute anatomy," is that part of biology 

 which treats of the minute structure of the tissues of the 

 body, as revealed by the microscope. 



Human physiology describes the various processes that go 

 on in the human body in health. It treats of the work 

 done by the various parts of the body, and of the results 

 of the harmonious action of the several organs. 



Broadly speaking, physiology is the science which treats 

 of the functions of living organized beings. 



By the word function is meant the special work which an 

 organ has to do. 



An organ is a part of the body which does a special 

 work. Thus the eye is an organ of sight, the stomach of 

 digestion, and the lungs of breathing. 



The word hygiene^ is often used in this branch of study. 

 It treats of the health or physical welfare of the 

 individual and of the community. Thus we speak of 

 "personal hygiene," "public hygiene," "public health," 

 and "sanitation." 



We cannot understand the physiology of our bodies 

 without some knowledge of their anatomy. An engineer 

 could not understand the working of his engine unless he 

 was well acquainted with all its parts, and the manner in 

 which they were fitted together. So, if we are to under- 

 stand the principles of elementary physiology, we must 



