The Throat and the Voice 



283 



( 440, Whispering and Stammering. In whispering, the 



larynx takes scarcely any part in the production of the 

 sounds ; the vocal cords remain apart and comparatively 

 slack, and the expiratory blast rushes through without 

 setting them in vibration. 



In stammering, spasmodic contraction of the diaphragm 

 interrupts the effort of expiration. The stammerer has 

 full control of the mechanism of articulation, but not of 

 the expiratory blast. His larynx and his lips are at his 

 command, but not his diaphragm. To conquer this defect 

 he must train his muscles of respiration to steady action 

 during speech. 



The stutterer, on the other hand, has 

 full control of the muscles of expiration. 

 His diaphragm is well drilled, but his lips 

 and tongue are insubordinate. 

 / 441. Hints on the Care of the Throat. 

 The throat, exposed as it is to unwhole- 

 some and overheated air, irritating dust FIG. 154. Direction 

 of the street, factories, and workshops, is 



l _ . ,, , . . J _. 



often inflamed, resulting in that common 

 ailment, sore throat. The parts are red, 

 swollen, and painful on swallowing, but 

 rarely require any special treatment. 



The action of cold air upon the heated 

 body, especially during active perspiration, is a very 

 common cause of throat trouble. For this reason a cold 

 bath should not be taken while a person is perspiring 

 freely. 



The muscles of the throat are frequently overstrained 

 by loud talking, screaming, shouting, or by reading aloud 

 too much. People who strain or misuse the voice often 

 suffer from what is called " clergyman's sore throat." 



of Pul1 of the 



Lateral Crico- 



ArytenoidS) which 

 adduct the Vocal 

 Cords. 



